LECTURE 1. Course: “Design of Systems: Structural Approach” Dept. “Communication Networks &Systems”, Faculty of Radioengineering & Cybernetics Moscow Inst. of Physics and Technology (University) / Mark Sh. Levin Inst. for Information Transmission Problems, RAS Sept. 3, 2004 PLAN: 1.Profile of specialist 2.About course 3. Illustrative example of system and life cycle 4.Role of mathematics (models, algorithms) 5.Life cycle and logistic curve 6.Russian engineering experience 7.Levels of system complexity 8.Simple examples of systems 9.Monitoring systems

1.Profile of specialist STRUCTURE: A. Basic scientific disciplines 1.Mathematics 2.Physics, physical-chemical processes, etc. B.Special engineering disciplines 1.Radioengineering, etc. C. Information technology D. Management / economics E. System thinking F. Creativity G. Experience in applied domains

2.About course A.Systems, multi-disciplinary systems (airplane, machine, radar, team, plan, manufacturing systems, etc.) B.Life cycle (life cycle engineering) C.Design schemes (frameworks), support of life cycle D.Structure of the course: (1)lecture blocks (schemes, models/methods, technological problems, applied examples) (2)Assignment (simple preliminary works) (3)Projects (realistic applied systems) E.Neighbor courses: *system engineering *system design (e.g., architecture, mechanical engineering) *technology management *multicriteria decision making *combinatorial optimization *knowledge engineering *applications (engineering, management, information technology)

3.Illustrative example of life cycle A.Life cycle: *preliminary research *R&D *manufacturing *testing *marketing *utilization & maintenance *recycling B.A system (airplane): *body *engine *electronics (control, communication, etc.) *human environment Additional support subsystem: *maintenance *training *recycling subsystem *etc.

4.Role of mathematics A.Models *structural models (e.g., graphs, networks) *optimization models *multicriteria decision making *differential equations (dynamics) *game theory *uncertain models (probability, fuzzy sets) B.Algorithms C.Solving schemes Real New Application => new or modified models / algorithms

5.Life cycle and logistic curve R & D t ManufacturingTestingMarketing Utilization & Maintenance Recycling 0 T T: about 12 years (submarines, airplanes, nuclear technology, etc.) TENDENCY: increasing T (2 years, 6 months) t R&DManuf.TestingMarket.Utiliz.Recycling T 0 R&D Manuf.TestingMarket.Utiliz.Recycling T RESULT: need of specialists in system design & specialists in life cycle engineering Effectiveness Resource Start Growth Maturity Decline

6.Russian engineering experience Complex systems: 1.Airplanes 2.Aerospace systems (stations, etc.) 3.Communication systems 4.Nuclear technology 5.Defense systems (radars, etc.) 6.etc. Factors: 1.Creative people 2.Educational system 3.Engineering traditions (in design of complex systems) 4.Complex problems (very large territory, various environments, etc.)

7.Levels of system complexity (A.Shenhar) Level 1. Arrays (network of systems, e.g., network of radar defense systems) Level 2. System (multiple functions; radar, defense system) Level 3. Assembly (one function: TV) Level 4. Component 8.Simple examples of systems TEAM Manager a 1 Technician a 4 Researcher a 2 Engineer a 3 Friendship Management Common experience a2a2 a3a3 a4a4 a1a1 DSS DATA Models/ algorithms SolvingAnalysisPlanning Library of examples Helper User interface

9.Monitoring systems R Control Integration (fusion), analysis SENSORS ACTUATORS