Jamil Ibrahim Establishment Building Integration Thermal Collector BITC By Engineer Khaled Jazzar WEBCO sarl June 2014

Technical Aspect Unglazed collectors Black plastic absorbers through which water flows. In low temperature applications of swimming pools, agriculture applications, such systems achieve high efficiencies of 70 % for low temperature. Glazed flat plate collectors. Have a slightly lower efficiencies than unglazed collectors at low temperature, but with higher temperature they perform significantly better. The average nominal efficiency is 67 % Evacuated tube collectors Collectors with an outer glass mantle maintaining a vacuum. Two tubes ( feed and return ) or an adjustable selective fin with a heat pipe. Evacuated tube can reach the boiling point of water. Have almost constant efficiency of 67 % across all Temperature differences between inlet and outlet. 2 June 2014

Standard solar thermal systems are mainly used to prepare hot water in small scale plants. When it comes to applications in the field of solar space heating, large – scale plants in urban building projects, hotels and solar local heating networks, there are not always sufficient suitable and oriented roof area available for the installation of solar collectors. When installing and assembling those solar panels on existing roofs, the plants often form a foreign body since they are not an integral part of the architecture. For this reason solar plants are more and more presenting challenges to the façade building. Solar façade collectors are becoming: 1- Integral part of the Architecture. 2- Energy saving function. Facade collectors can be used as an element for design buildings as well as Solar thermal contributor to the energy requirement of a building. Architectural aspect 3 June 2014

What are the constraints in installing solar collectors on facades: 1- Orientation and Inclination 2- Integration to the façade 3- Resistance. 4- Efficiency. 5- Installation and maintenance. 6- Decentralized system per floor and per apartment. Type of solar collectors: Evacuated tube collectors 4 June 2014

Orientation and Inclination Orientation Inclination The optimum inclination for a solar collector between summer and winter is about 34 degree. The optimum orientation for a solar collector is true south. Solution Tubes 360° rotatable (optimate adjustment to the sun). 5 June 2014

Integration to the façade Solution: Homogeneity in assembling the solar evacuated tube collectors by respecting the same configuration over the whole façade even with more than one collector in a field. 6 June 2014

Resistance The SiO2 layers are baked into the glass, making the surface highly resistant to abrasion and degradation due to environmental conditions referred to as weathering. External coating gives the tubes a high level of resistance to breakage by flying debris or hail.. 7 June 2014

Efficiency Low in iron. This makes the glass highly transmissive over the full visible spectrum and continuing on into the infrared region. Hence, the tube is well suited for the collection of the full spectrum of solar radiation. Double sided (Power) coating. A double-sided coating is used in collectors that are designed for use with reflective surfaces where increased efficiencies can be realized by collecting reflected energy on the backside of the absorber. An increase in efficiency of up to 30% can be realized when a double-coated absorber and a reflective surface are used. 8 June 2014

Installation and maintenance. Plug-in connection tube manifold (super easy to assemble without screwing) Self-supporting construction (no need for an expansive rack) 9 June 2014

Decentralized system per floor and per apartment. The major advantage when using a centralized system is the reduced heat losses in the solar circuit between the storage tanks and the solar panel. In our case we have applied the same concept with available area on the façade closed to the storage tanks, so the heat losses are negligible. 10 June 2014

11 June 2014

La Citadelle Solar Testing on site. Date : January and February 2014 ( Two months). Solar Collectors net Aperture Area : 5.88 m2 ( Gross Area 6.6 m2). Solar collectors Inclination : 90 Degree. Hot Water Storage Tank Capacity : 300 L. Pump Flow : 0.3 m 3 /Hr. 3 Temperature sensors (°C) are located, one on the solar panel and 2 in the storage tank. Example : Date 10/02/2014 Weather: Morning: Sunny. Noon: sunny. After noon: sunny. Outdoor temperature: 20 °C. Reading TimePanelBottom of the tankTop of the tank 8:30 AM3619 1:15 PM :45 PM Temperature (°C)

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