Native Americans SS4H1: The students will describe how early native American cultures developed in North America

Ancient Americans ... the last great ice sheet still covers much of the north. You are a hunter with your family, tracking animals for food and for hides to make warm clothing. You carry a stone-tipped spear. On foot, you follow wild herds through the cold and fog. You cross a bridge of ice. On the other side, you find a new land. You do not know that it is a new land. You only know that there are no human enemies to stop you. You keep pushing south, following the herds. You find paradise - elk, deer, bison, wild vegetables, wild fruits. And forests, so many trees - and squirrels and rabbits. Fish leap from the streams. Other people find their way across the frozen land.  Years pass. The ice begins to melts. Now there is a wide strip of water where once there was a walkway of thick ice. Still, people find their way across the Bering Strait in boats of bark and hide ... The early ancient Americans were know as the Paleo-Indians.

Ancient Americans About 40,000 years ago…….

Native Americans SS4H1 The student will describe how early Native American cultures developed in North America. a. Locate where Native Americans settled with emphasis on the Arctic (Inuit), Northwest (Kwakiutl), Plateau (Nez Perce), Southwest (Hopi), Plains (Pawnee), and Southeast (Seminole). b. Describe how Native Americans used their environment to obtain food, clothing, and shelter. SS4G2 The student will describe how physical systems affect human systems. a. Explain why each of the Native American groups (SS4H1a) occupied the areas they did, with emphasis on why some developed permanent villages and others did not.

Inuit Native Americans

The Inuit The Inuit are the native people who live in the Arctic. In Canada, they live in the Northern part of Canada near the Arctic Ocean.

Inuit Hunt to Survive There are almost no trees in the Arctic. There are few plants. It is cold most of the year. The Inuit could not become farmers. Like the other early people who lived in the Arctic, they were hunters and gatherers. In the short summer, they gathered berries, seaweed, and eggs. Their main food year around was meat.

How Did the Inuit Survive?

Inuit Hunt to Survive Land Animals Water Animals Caribou-Most important Musk Oxen Snow Bunnies Polar Bears Water Animals Fish Seals Walrus Small White Whales Narwhals

What did the Inuit Live in?

Inuit Homes-Shelter

Inuit Homes Winter Homes rock and sod wall homes Year round snow houses igloos - temporary shelters when traveling The Inuit (aka Eskimo) often lived in igloos. Igloos are dome-shaped snow houses constructed of blocks cut from snow. Some Inuit tribes lived in sod houses which were made by digging a pit and using rocks and sod to make walls. Pieces of wood or whalebone were used as a frame for the roof, which the Inuit then covered with sod (pieces of turf). Temporary tents, similar to tepees, were used in the summer constructed from caribou hides and wooden poles.

How did the Inuit Travel? On water: Kayaks (small boats) Umiaks (large boats) Canoes On land: Dog sleds

What did the Inuit wear? Inuit clothes were made out of animal skins. Caribou Musk oxen Women made the clothes. Snow shoes

Thinking Question….

Based on how the Inuit survive… Based on how the Inuit survive….Do you think they had Permanent Villages or did they move to find food?

The Inuit were nomadic hunters and fishermen What does nomadic mean?