Lo spettrografo X-SHOOTER, unoccasione per la comunità astronomica italiana Paolo Spanò INAF-O.A.Brera (on behalf of the X-SHOOTER team)

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 2 X-SHOOTER The X-Shooter team: S. DOdorico (PI), R. Pallavicini (Co-PI), F.M. Zerbi, P. Spanò, V. De Caprio, M. Riva, M. Tintori, E. Molinari, P. Di Marcantonio, P. Santin, R. Cosentino, P. Bruno, P.K. Rasmussen, L. Kaper, H. Dekker and many others…

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 3 Primary science case Stellar astrophysics Stellar astrophysics Brown dwarfs, star formation, close binaries, stellar remnants Brown dwarfs, star formation, close binaries, stellar remnants Cosmic explosions Cosmic explosions Supernovae Ia progenitors, GRBs Supernovae Ia progenitors, GRBs High-z universe High-z universe Faint emission-line galaxies, primordial star formation, metal enrichment in early universe, tomography of IGM Faint emission-line galaxies, primordial star formation, metal enrichment in early universe, tomography of IGM

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 4 Primary top level requirements Single object Single object Large simultaneous spectral coverage Large simultaneous spectral coverage Deep objects Deep objects Intermediate resolution Intermediate resolution Rapid response Rapid response Ideally suited for unknown or transient objects

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 5 X-shooter… Very Efficient Spectrograph Very Efficient Spectrograph >25% all included in all the spectral range >25% all included in all the spectral range Wide Band Wide Band Atmospheric cut-off to NIR ( nm) Atmospheric cut-off to NIR ( nm) Complete wavelength range in one shot (no gaps!) Complete wavelength range in one shot (no gaps!) Intermediate Resolution Intermediate Resolution R= with 0.6 slit R= with 0.6 slit Single Object - Small Field Single Object - Small Field Variable slit widths Variable slit widths IFU IFU

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 6 …and friends

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 7 Characteristics Spectral format:Prism cross-dispersed echelle Spectral format:Prism cross-dispersed echelle Wavelength range: nm UVB: VIS: NIR: Wavelength range: nm UVB: VIS: NIR: Spectral resolution: 5000 (UVB, NIR), 7000 (VIS) for 1 slit Spectral resolution: 5000 (UVB, NIR), 7000 (VIS) for 1 slit Slits/Image slicer:12x1 (standard) 12x0.6 (high-res) 12x5 (flux calibr.) IFU 4x1.8 -> 12x0.6 (3 slices) Slits/Image slicer:12x1 (standard) 12x0.6 (high-res) 12x5 (flux calibr.) IFU 4x1.8 -> 12x0.6 (3 slices)

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 8 Schematic view

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 9 The backbone Holds spectrographs in place (high stiffness) Holds spectrographs in place (high stiffness) Hosts pre-slit optics, calibration, A&G, shutter Hosts pre-slit optics, calibration, A&G, shutter N. Michaelsen (DK) N. Christensen (DK)

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 10 Acquisition and Guiding Unit P. Spanò (I), A. Soerensen (Dk), H.Dekker(ESO)

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 11 Integral Field Unit D. Horville (F) & R. Mazzoleni (ESO)

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 12 Pre-slit plate P. Spanò (I), N.Michaelsen (Dk),R. Mazzoleni (ESO)

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 13 Automatic Flexure Compensation System R. Mazzoleni (ESO) Piezos

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 14 The Dichroics R. Mazzoleni (ESO)

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 15 Optical design 4C Optical Concept

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 16 VIS and UVB Spectrographs V. De Caprio (I), P. Spanò (I), M. Riva (I), M. Tintori (I), D. Wistisen (DK)

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 17 F.Rigal, H. Hanenburg (Nl) NIR spectrograph

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 18 Gratings and prisms All new rulings A. De Ugarte Postigo (I)

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 19 Detectors UVB:2K x 4K E2V CCD UVB:2K x 4K E2V CCD VIS:2K x 4K MIT/LL CCD VIS:2K x 4K MIT/LL CCD NIR:2K x 2K Rockwell Hawaii 2RG MBE (used area 1K x 2K) NIR:2K x 2K Rockwell Hawaii 2RG MBE (used area 1K x 2K)

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 20 Auxiliary functions Calibration Unit Calibration Unit alogen, deuterium, Ne/Ar/Kr/ThAr lamps alogen, deuterium, Ne/Ar/Kr/ThAr lamps Acquisition and Guiding Unit Acquisition and Guiding Unit 1 x 1 field with UBVRIZ filter set 1 x 1 field with UBVRIZ filter set Slit viewer, pupil viewer, dichroic viewer Slit viewer, pupil viewer, dichroic viewer Atmospheric Dispersion Correctors Atmospheric Dispersion Correctors optimized for UVB and VIS arms optimized for UVB and VIS arms

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 21 Alignment

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 22 VIS first light

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 23 UVB first light Nov 30, 2007

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 24 NIR first light Dec 11, 2007

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 25 Optical and mechanical tests

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 26 Performances

Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 27

Italian GTO program: 45 nights! Elaborated by 6 Science Panels Elaborated by 6 Science Panels Star formation, T Tauri stars, Brown Dwarfs (Alcalà) Star formation, T Tauri stars, Brown Dwarfs (Alcalà) Stellar populations, Abundances, and Dynamics (Randich) Stellar populations, Abundances, and Dynamics (Randich) Supernovae (Benetti) Supernovae (Benetti) Gamma Ray Bursts (Fiore) Gamma Ray Bursts (Fiore) High-Z Universe, Galaxies and AGNs (Cimatti) High-Z Universe, Galaxies and AGNs (Cimatti) Absorbers and IGM (Cristiani) Absorbers and IGM (Cristiani) Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 28

Some examples Legacy program in galactic star forming regions (PI J. Alcalà, 12 nights requested) Legacy program in galactic star forming regions (PI J. Alcalà, 12 nights requested) Characterizing pre-main sequence stars in LMC (PI Randich, 3 nights) Characterizing pre-main sequence stars in LMC (PI Randich, 3 nights) Spectroscopic classifications of Sne discovered with the LBC (PI Cappellaro, 4 nights) Spectroscopic classifications of Sne discovered with the LBC (PI Cappellaro, 4 nights) GRB prompt afterglow-spectroscopy (RRM and ToO modes required!) GRB prompt afterglow-spectroscopy (RRM and ToO modes required!) Optical-NIR spectra of QSO close to reionization (z~6) (PI V. DOdorico, 3+3 nights) Optical-NIR spectra of QSO close to reionization (z~6) (PI V. DOdorico, 3+3 nights) Tomography of IGM with multiple QSO line of sight (PI. Cristiani, 3 nights) Tomography of IGM with multiple QSO line of sight (PI. Cristiani, 3 nights) Teramo - SAIt 2008 P. Spanò 29

THE END Teramo - 4 Maggio 2008 Paolo Spanò 30