DOCTORS WITHOUT BORDERS By: Claire Bradley

Medecins sans Frontieres (MSF) An International Humanitarian Aid Organization

The Founding  1971

The Founding  1971  By French doctors and journalists, responding to a need to improve global health.

The Founding  1971  By French doctors and journalists seeking to improve global health.  Most notably a famine in Nigeria.

Worldwide Work Europe N. America S. America Asia Africa Almost 60 countries!

MSF’s Principles  Humanitarian Action  Free of any religious or moral agenda  Non-partisan  Made possible by working on the donation of private donors as opposed to governments. Child in Sierra Leone

MSF’s Principles  Acting as an Advocate  On behalf of refugees  Minorities  Oppressed da/files/2008/05/rwanda.jpg

MSF’s Principles  Providing the Best Medical Care  Regardless of ability to pay  Equal sharing of scientific knowledge and advancement  Worked to decrease prices on drugs and treatments (DNDi)

Who? - Workers  Medical and non – Medical staff  On any day, 27,000 MSF staff will be at work f_left.gif

Who? – Workers IN THE FIELD Medical Personnel  Physicians Physicians  Surgeons Surgeons  Anesthesiologists Anesthesiologists  Registered Nurses, Nurse Practitioners, and Certified Nurse-Midwives Registered Nurses, Nurse Practitioners, and Certified Nurse-Midwives  Pharmacists Pharmacists  Midwives Midwives  Mental Health Specialists Mental Health Specialists  Laboratory Scientists/Technicians Laboratory Scientists/Technicians  Epidemiologists Epidemiologists

Who? – Workers Non-medical Personnel  Logisticians Logisticians  Water & Sanitation Logisticians Water & Sanitation Logisticians  Administrators/Financial Administrators/Financial

Who? – Treated  2006 Statistics  Hospitalized 500,000  Conducted 9,000,000 outpatient consultations  Delivered 99,000 babies  Treated 1.8 million malaria patients  Treated 150,000 child victims of famine  Provided HIV/AIDS therapies to 100,000  Vaccinated 1.8 million for meningitis  Performed 64,000 surguries

Responds to…  ARMED CONFLICT, REFUGEES, AND WAR  First: 1976 War in Lebanon  Recently: The North Kivu region of DRC news/2008/DSC0058

Treatment  Treat victims of violence from guns, bombs, etc.  Provide shelter, food, water, etc. to those displaced by the violence  Healthcare to those displaced as well  Mental health also an issue

Responds to…  EPIDEMICS 1996: Meningitis epidemic in Nigeria Recently: Cholera in Guinea Bissau

Treatment  Cholera, meningitis, measles, malaria, etc.  Most recently concentrated on TB and HIV/AIDS  Advocates for equal treatment for all 1tico24p2/610x

Responds to…  MALNUTRITION AND FAMINE  First: 1984, Ethiopia  Recently: Southern Ethiopia en_famine

Treatment  Pioneered use of Ready to Use Food (RUF)  Focuses primarily on children, as they are much more prone to malnutrition as well as disease eports/2007/topten/malnutrition_36469

Responds to…  NATURAL DISASTERS  First: 1972, Nicaraguan earthquake  Recently: Earthquake in Pakistan 12/t1home.myanmar.damage

Treatment  Surgery and treatment to those hurt in catastrophe  Temporary shelter, vitals /Myanmar-Burma-Cyclone-Nargis

Responds to…  THOSE UNABLE TO ACCESS HEALTHCARE ON THEIR OWN about/40170.jpg

Treatment…  Provide them with the care they need  Advocate to national and local governments and organization for the people  The victims may be afraid to seek care due to social stigmas or are unable to receive adequate treatment.

HIV + Children in Zimbabwe  How HIV+ Kids see their Virus  Tanatswa, 15: A black and white spider with two long legs and four small legs. It has two antennas and its skin is hard, like ice.  Nozipho, 15: A green bug with horns. It is green because green is in most parts of the world and that is like HIV because "it doesn’t choose, anybody can get it."  Doris, 9: A brown cockroach that bites and is "everywhere and can eat anybody." It has germs but you can kill it by "spraying something".  Milantre, 15: A blue and white dog, because "the sky is blue and the clouds are white." Sometimes the dog has "the smile of sickness, sometimes joy."  Fortunate, 15: A small green insect with a small face that is "smiling because it thinks it is happy." ticle.cfm?id=3155

MSF in Haiti  November 7, 2008  Roof collapse in Port- au-Prince school  Treated more than 80 victims of the collapse  Difficulty transporting students due to road problems (mentioned in MBM)

Financial Accountability

Awards  1999 Nobel Peace Prize  14 Additional international awards recognizing humanitarian efforts since bel-medal.thumbnail_0.jpg

DNDi  The Drugs for Neglected Disease Initiative

DNDi  Development of drugs for diseases still affecting people in developing countries, but are not as prevalent in the developed world anymore.  Malaria, tuberculosis, sleeping sickness, etc.

DNDi – R&D  Update drugs that no longer work efficiently due to development of resistance, newfound toxicity, etc.  NOT FOR PROFIT!  Nine different projects in progress currently.  ASAQ – for malaria

DNDi – Partners and Locations  DNDi Latin America DNDi Latin America  DNDi Africa DNDi Africa  DNDi North America DNDi North America  DNDi India DNDi India  DNDi Asia DNDi Asia  DNDi Japan DNDi Japan

DNDi – Partners and Locations  MSF – provided initial funding  Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/Fiocruz (Brazil)  Indian Council of Medical Research (India)  Institut Pasteur (France)  Ministry of Health (Malaysia)  Kenya Medical Research Institute (Kenya)

Campaign for Access to Essential Medicines  In response to high medical costs  Medication, diagnostics, vaccinations  Focuses on HIV antiretroviral therapies  Also on TB treatments