Learning Disabilities: Attention Disorders, Developmental Disorders, Brain Disorders Shelly Miller Teaching Artist

 Significant difficulties in:  Listening  Speaking  Reading  Writing  Reasoning  Mathematical ability What are Learning Disabilities?

 Difficulties in:  Interpreting  Translating  Recalling  Processing Caused by central nervous system dysfunction Learning Disabilities

 Over 3 million students are currently receiving special education services  46.4% of students in special education have learning disabilities Learning Disabilities Facts

 Limited short –term memory  Deficient social interactions  Low level language skills  Poor inter-personal skills  Low self-esteem  Can be impulsive  Poor eye-hand coordination  Difficulty with sequencing and abstract reasoning  Delayed response Learning Disabilities Characteristics

 Make eye contact before giving instructions  Provide individual or small group instruction  Repeat instructions  Present information using all of the senses  Maintain routines  Give directions in small, single units  Minimize distractions  Be aware of low frustration levels Adaptations for Students with Learning Disabilities

 Use concrete methods  Use color coding  Models steps  Provide lots of visuals  Provide tactile support  Praise in public; correct in private  Provide limited choices  Check in regularly (ask questions) Instructional Strategies

 Praise often  Set limits  Be consistent  Provide time-out option  Specify consequences  Be firm but fair  Give clear, precise directions  Demonstrate care for student Behavioral Strategies