The United States of America A Historical Overview Norah Almazrua and Zhicheng Liu Laurie Miller ELI institute at GMU

RECONSTRUCTION THREE PERIODS 1.Presidential Reconstruction 2.Congress Reconstruction 3.Salvation Period

Presidential Reconstruction 1.Personage:Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson 2.Destination: to unite the country 3.The beginning: 《 The Emancipation Proclamation 》 which Pres. Lincoln presented; it freed US slaves 4.Results: resisted by Radical Republicans

Congress Reconstruction 1.The Ruling Party: Radical Republicans 2.Methods: Abolish Slavery and Spread the right to vote 3.Results: They controled most states in southern America

Salvation Period 1.The Redeemers:the Democratic Party in southern America 2.The significance:The end of the Reconstruction

* Immigration: One of the greatest waves of immigrants came during the 1820s s. They were mostly from Ireland and Germany, famine and poverty in Ireland, and political upheaval in Germany brought about five million immigrants.

* Industrialism: Between 1890 to 1919 The Industrial Revolution had an impact on immigration, immigration had a great effect on the growth of Industry. As more people immigrated to the United States, more jobs were in demand. Therefore more factories were made or, more companies started with a lot of jobs for these immigrants to take. Since immigration generated about 39% of the population growth each year, it is obvious that a lot of people were coming to the country and need to find jobs. Some of these immigrants started their own businesses while others worked for employers. But life wasn't easy at all for these new comers. They came to a country usually not knowing the language, not knowing anyone, or where to go. They had to live in small rooms, sharing them with other people, and work under hard conditions.

* Industrialism & Immigration ** Railroads ( ) Due to the railroads and the growth of the population many more jobs were produced and more products were needed to maintain the railroads. This is one way that the industrialization of the United States helped to provide jobs for the newly immigrated people.

PROGRESSIVE ERA 1.Women's Suffrage 2.Unions 3.US involement in the World War Ⅰ

Women's Suffrage 1.Period: During the 19th Century and early 20th Century 2.The culmination: The Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution 3.The vital passage:"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex."

Unions The definition: the Union was a name used to refer to the federal government of the United States, which was supported by the twenty free states and five border slave states.

US involement in the World War Ⅰ 1.The reason: many intertwined factors, such as the conflicts,antagonisms of the four decades,militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism. 2.Aftermath of the World War I: New countries were formed, old ones were abolished, international organizations were established, and many new and old ideologies took a firm hold in people's minds.

Roaring Twenties 1920s The spirit of the Roaring Twenties was marked by a general feeling of discontinuity associated with modernity, a break with traditions. Everything seemed to be feasible through modern technology. New technologies, especially automobiles, moving pictures and radio proliferated 'modernity' to a large part of the population. Formal decorative frills were shed in favor of practicality in both daily life and architecture. At the same time, jazz and dancing rose in popularity, in opposition to the mood of the specter of World War I. As such, the period is also often referred to as the Jazz Age.

By the 1920s, New York City had become one of the greatest financial cities in the country. Its very own New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) was also the largest market in the world. After the end of WWI, the 1920s became a decade of hope and prosperity, so people began to believe that the stock market could handle extremely high prices.

* Black Tuesday: On Tuesday, October 29, 1929, the stock market crashed. On this day, referred to as Black Tuesday, everyone who had put major investments in to the stock market tried to pull their money out all at the same time. The NYSE and Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) collapsed. Because everyone was withdrawing their investments, stock prices fell dramatically and continued to fall for at least a month.

Reference * Retrieved from * Peggy Whitley, Revised Nov 2008 pwhitley. Retrieved from Decade mht * Retrieved from http--bvapush_pbworks_com-f black%20tuesday%20jpg_jpg.mht * Lancaster, Richard (2002, October 29). BLACK TUESDAY OCTOBER 29th 1929 REVISITED?. Retrieved February 22, 2007, from Gold-Eagle Web site: eagle.com/editorials_02/lancaster html * Roaring Twenties. Retrieved from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.mht