Backpacking/Canoeing Meal planning and preparation Gear and packing

CALORIES Average Person Requires Moderate Backpacking - Additional 1000 Strenuous Backpacking – Additional 2000 MORE CALORIES ARE REQUIRED IN COLD WEATHER IN THE FORM OF FATS.

CALORIES Your caloric intake should be half carbohydrates, one-quarter fats and one-quarter proteins. Spread your intake of proteins and fats throughout the day, rather than eating them at one meal. Chocolate is a mythical high energy boost, it causes digestive discomfort during strenuous exercise.

CARBOHYDRATES Cereals Grains, fruits, Vegetables Pasta, Honey, Candy, Fruit Drinks.

FATS Butter / Margarine Peanut Butter Nuts Cheese Oil Seeds – Sesame – Sunflower Coconut

PROTEINS Meat Cheese Fish Milk Products Eggs Nuts Seeds Peanut Butter

Perfect Backpacking Food Nutritious Easy to Fix Quick Light Weight Tasty Compact and Sturdy Nonperishable Not too Costly

Different Ways To Go Freeze dried – Individual Items or Whole Meals Home Prepared – granola, fruit leathers, coffee, tea, brownies Grocery Store – macaroni and cheese, instant pudding, oatmeal, instant soups

COST AND WEIGHTS Average Person Needs 1 ½ to 2 pounds of food per day, depending on conditions. One Gallon of Water per day = 8.3 pound MEALS Assemble Yourself = $5.00 per day

A common tendency is to pack too much food Dried foods look deceptively skimpy Dried foods are lighter, weigh less and are nonperishable Always pack emergency rations

TYPES OF FOOD Freeze Dried – Can only be processed commercially and are vacuum packed. Most are reconstituted by adding hot water and left sitting for 10 minutes. Dehydrated Foods – Moisture is extremely low so they shrivel up and are wrinkled. Retort Foods – Precooked, pouched sealed, vacuum sealed complete meals.

MENU PLANNING Good enough to pack, good enough to eat at anytime. Don’t take meals that require long preparation time = 15 Minutes tops. Complicated meals will take a lot of cooking pots and pans. (Do you like cleaning?) Plan your meals according to: Your activity. Possible weather conditions. Available water supply. What you are cooking on, stoves or open fires.

Plan no-cook meals when on the move. Know what foods your group members don’t like or are allergic. Cook and eat to nourish you body not just the taste buds. Prepackage all meals individually and mark the bags. Eating well doesn’t have to be expensive.

GEARING UP Stove Fuel Bottle 2 Nesting Pots Pot Grabber Knife,fork,spoon or spork Plastic Cup with Graduations Plastic Bowl Biodegradable suds Scrubber Kitchen Bag Water sack Mini spatula Two foot square nylon net Stove Repair Kit Stove Pump Wind Screen Matches

THE STOVE Type One – High output stove with built in pump, boils water rapidly. Type two – Adjustable stove with simmer control. White gas is the most universal and cheapest to operate in the USA and Canada. 21 oz fuel bottle weighs 16 oz. Allow 4 oz of fuel per person per day based on three meals a day. More fuel is required if purifying water.

Bottled gas/pressurized canisters Most convenient option for average above freezing conditions. Includes Butane. Isobutane and propane. Problems- Fuel canisters are not refillable, many leak and if the stove malfunctions you throw canister away and get a new one.

White gas Additive free white gas (coleman fuel or msr) is the cleanest burning and most popular fuel for all seasons. Produces fast, hot, economical BTU’s. This stove has a lot of crucially integrated parts so being able to make field repairs may be a useful skill. People using this type of stove have the most accidents.

Multi-fuel Basically the same as white gas but the jet is designed for burning fuels like gasoline and kerosene. Need to clean the jets before each use because the less refine fuels tend to clog the stove.

Alcohol Stoves Have the fewest parts of any liquid fuel stove and therefore are the most reliable. Takes more fuel to provide the same amount of heat as a white gas stove.

WATER Is water available near the camp site. Each group will need a water container. Remember water weighs about 7 ½ Lbs 3.7 Liters. The average person needs a gallon of water per day. Groups will either carry water in or use a source near camp. Filtering gear is lighter than carrying fuel to boil water.

Common Grocery Store Foods Instant oatmeal Instant Mashed potato's Bacon Bits Dried Fruit Beef Jerky Crackers Some Cheeses Powdered Milk Tuna / Chicken in retort Package

Common Grocery Store Foods Trail mix Nuts Powdered Drinks Instant soups/noodles Pasta / Rice (instant) Dried spices Cereals Powdered eggs Granola bars

Types of food to bring Good foods that are easy to cook that you could bring include: rice, kraft dinner, dry goods, oatmeal and anything that is light weight and packed with calories to provide sufficient energy for the day.

Top 10 Camping Foods Number Ten - tuna and crackers Number Nine – cheese and crackers Number Eight - peanut butter Number Seven - candy bars Number Six - fresh fruit

Top ten Camping foods Number Five : Beef Jerky Number Four - dried fruit Number Three - granola Number Two - energy bars

Top 10 Camping Foods According to my sources the #1 food used on camping or hiking trips is: Gorp or also called Trail mix. It is an effective food because it does not have to be prepared and it has all the essential nutrients needed on the trail.

MEALS Each Group will cook it’s own meals together. We will form 4-5 cook groups. Each person will be responsible for snacks. Breakfast – Lunch – Dinner –

Clothing, packs, shelter, sleeping. Hike Gear up

Footwear

Clothing

Back pack Day, Multi day, Expedition

Tents

Sleeping bags and Mats

Sleeping Mats

Water

Cooking

Pots and Pans

Types of Canoes Although lengths and materials vary there are a few basic types of canoes. Recreational Tripping White Water Racing Voyageur

Canoe

Canoe Design

Paddle Design

Canoe Technique m m