METHODS IN BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH NINTH EDITION PAUL C. COZBY Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
CHAPTER 11 SINGLE CASE, QUASI-EXPERIMENT AND DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH
LEARNING OBJECTIVES Describe single case experimental designs and discuss reasons to use this design Describe the five types of evaluations involved in program evaluation research: needs assessment, program assessment, process evaluation, outcome evaluation, and efficiency assessment Describe the one-group posttest-only design
LEARNING OBJECTIVES Describe the one-group pretest-posttest design and the associated threats to internal validity that may occur: history, maturation, testing, instrument decay, and regression toward the mean
LEARNING OBJECTIVES Describe the nonequivalent control group design and nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design, and discuss the advantages of having a control group Distinguish between the interrupted time series design and control series design
LEARNING OBJECTIVES Describe cross-sectional, longitudinal, and sequential research designs, including the advantages and disadvantages of each design Define cohort effect
SINGLE CASE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS Single Case Experimental Designs Baseline Reversal Designs or withdrawal design Multiple Baseline Designs Replications in Single Case Designs
SINGLE CASE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS Multiple baseline design
PROGRAM EVALUATION NEEDS ASSESSMENT PROGRAM THEORY ASSESSMENT PROCESS EVALUATION OUTCOME EVALUATION EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT
QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS One-Group Posttest-Only Design
QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS History Maturation Testing Instrument Decay Regression Toward the Mean
QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS Nonequivalent Control Group Design
QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design
QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS Nonequivalent Control Group Pretest-Posttest Design
QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS Interrupted Time Series Design Examines the dependent variable over an extended period of time, both before and after the IV is implemented Interpretation problems (possible regression to the mean) Control Series Design Improves interrupted time series design by finding an appropriate “control group” Involves finding a similar population that did not receive a particular manipulation Limited because this is not a true “control group”
DEVELOPMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGNS Cross-Sectional Method – persons of different ages measured at the same point in time Longitudinal Method – same group is observed at different times (as they age) Sequential Method – combination of 1 and 2
DEVELOPMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGNS Comparison of Longitudinal and Cross- Sectional Methods Strengths: -Can attribute changes to development -Can examine how variables at a later time Weaknesses: -Expensive -Difficult -Morality -As a hybrid, the sequential method shares virtues of both methods