CALENDAR OF FEMALE MATHEMATICIANS AS A SECONDARY SCHOOL CLASSROOM DIARY PREMA WORKSHOP, BARCELONA, JANUARY 2007

Why? How? They(women) also exist coeducation in the tutorial classes Didactic unit Bibliography

Carmen Jalón Ranchal. CEP "Luisa Revuelta".Córdoba 3 Why? Al índice

Carmen Jalón Ranchal. CEP "Luisa Revuelta".Córdoba 4 They (women) also exist One of the aims we wanted to achieve with the calendars was to show the existence of these women and to encourage the students of Secondary Compulsory Education (O-level) and Bachillerato (A-level students) to know those women and their work Al índice

Carmen Jalón Ranchal. CEP "Luisa Revuelta".Córdoba 5 How? Al índice

Carmen Jalón Ranchal. CEP "Luisa Revuelta".Córdoba Al índice Sophie Germain Sophie Kovalevskaya Grace Chisolm Young Emmy Noether Florence Nightingale María Goeppert Mayer Gaetana Agnesi Caroline Herschel Emile du Breteuil Teano Mary Somerville Ada Byron

Carmen Jalón Ranchal. CEP "Luisa Revuelta".Córdoba Al índice Rosa Smith Eigenmann Valentina Tereshkova Eulalia Pérez Sedeño Diane Fossey Chien-Shiung Wu Emma Castelnuovo Mary Anning Helen Sawyer Hogg Hildegard von Birgen Lisa Meitner Susan Bell Burner Marie Curie

Carmen Jalón Ranchal. CEP "Luisa Revuelta".Córdoba Al índice Marie Anne Pierrette Rozsa Péter Heddu´Anna Lucy Cartwright Lady Mary Wortley Elena Piscopia Rosalind Franklin Mileva Maric Irene Joliot- Curie Rosalyn Sussman Agnodice Julia Bowman

Carmen Jalón Ranchal. CEP "Luisa Revuelta".Córdoba 9 Women Mathematicians in 2005, 2006 and 2007

Carmen Jalón Ranchal. CEP "Luisa Revuelta".Córdoba 10 Coeducation in tutorial classes In Andalucía, the students of Secondary Education spend an hour with their tutor in which one of the topics they have to work about is Coeducation. The calendars have been a useful tool for this purpose and many Secondary Schools in our Community have used them successfully. Al índice

Carmen Jalón Ranchal. CEP "Luisa Revuelta".Córdoba 11 DIDACTIC UNIT sample Subject: Statistics 3º de E.S.O. Al índice In this unit the students start by distinguishing the different types of variables and later they learn to arrange them in tables of frequencies and study the different statistical graphs. Now, it is the moment to tell them about Florence Nightingale.

Carmen Jalón Ranchal. CEP "Luisa Revuelta".Córdoba 12 Florence Nightingale: Italia Inglaterra 1910 Very well-known as a nurse, few persons know about either her statistical facet, or that she was the one that designed the graph of sectors. She supported the setting up of the Applied Statistics College. Her graphs and studies made the British Government realize that the lack of cares and hygiene in campaign hospitals was the main reason for the death of soldiers in the Crimea War. Al índice

Carmen Jalón Ranchal. CEP "Luisa Revuelta".Córdoba 13 Let’s see Nightingale's graph, which represents the mortality during the war of Crimea. Al índice Every sector has a colored area proportional to the information represented. The part colored in greenish blue, represents the deaths that could have been avoided or mitigated, such as those deaths caused by cholera or typhus. The yellow ones show the deaths caused by wounds of war. The central parts show the deaths caused by any other reasons.

Carmen Jalón Ranchal. CEP "Luisa Revuelta".Córdoba 14 CONCLUSION The most important achievement accomplished has been the evolution in the students’ perception of the calendars in the course of the years. The Calendars started as an object the teacher pinned-up on the classroom wall, and, little by little, the calendars have become a positive element appreciated by students: Groups that don’t have it, demand it. It is used as a decorative element in the contest “La clase más limpia” (The tidiest classroom), whereas other calendars are thrown away ours remains in the classroom. The students ask their teachers questions about the “woman of the month”.

Carmen Jalón Ranchal. CEP "Luisa Revuelta".Córdoba 15 Finally, I would like to stress the fact that these women’s biographies are in display all the days of the whole school year, that, it is not compulsory to study them. This is why students tend to assimilate the existence of women in all the fields of Science as something natural. This natural way in which the calendars are shown, I think, is the first step to create a co-educative atmosphere in the Maths classes and, maybe, to create mathematics vocations among the girls.

Carmen Jalón Ranchal. CEP "Luisa Revuelta".Córdoba 16 Bibliography: Al índice Materials supplied by the Center of Documentation Thales Internet