Rock Cycle
Igneous Rocks Formed by magma from the mantle cooling and becoming solid. Cooling may happen on the surface of earth. – Form at volcanoes, plate boundaries, etc… – Extrusive igneous rocks. Cooling may happen below the crust. – Intrusive igneous rocks.
Igneous Categories – Crystal Size Four types of igneous rocks – Course grained You can see the crystals without a microscope. – Fine grained You can only see the crystals with a microscope – Glassy No crystals present – Porphyritic Two sizes of crystals present
Coarse Grained Igneous Rocks Granite
Fine Grained Igneous Rock Basalt
Glassy Igneous Rock Obsidian
Porphyritic Igneous Rock Welded Tuff
What Type of Igneous Rock??? Coarse Grained
What Type of Igneous Rock??? Fine Grained
Sedimentary Rock Made of parts of other rocks that have broken into pieces. Sediment = small parts of other rocks Sediment made by weathering and erosion of igneous or metamorphic rocks. Sediment often seen as layers in rocks. – Layers = strata The formation of the sediment into one rock is called lithification.
Categories – Method of Formation Clastic Sedimentary Rocks – Made from sediments that were transported to a new location by wind, rain, or animals. – Sediment can range is in size from large to very fine. – Regardless of size sediments lithified into one rock.
Categories – Method of Formation Chemical Sedimentary Rocks – Formed when water evaporates and leaves behind a solid – Like when the water in salt water evaporates and leave behind salt crystals – Lithification happens when the water evaporates.
Clastic Sedimentary Rock Breccia
Clastic Sedimentary Rock Sandstone
Chemical Sedimentary Rock Rock Salt (Halite)
Chemical Sedimentary Rock Coal
Metamorphic Rocks Made from changing existing rocks into new rocks Not like sedimentary…the rocks are not broken into pieces and reformed. They stay in one piece Increasing the pressure or temperature or exposing them to a chemical will change the rock into a new type
2 Categories - Texture Based on how the crystals align – Foliated (image b) – Non-foliated (image a)
2 Categories - Texture Foliated Rocks – You can see distinct lines of different minerals. – They resemble pages in a book. Non-Foliated – Sometimes you can see bent lines of different minerals. – Sometimes it just looks like a mixture of minerals with no order at all.
Foliated Metamorphic Rock Gneiss
Foliated Metamorphic Rock Phyllite
Non-Foliated Metamorphic Rock Amphibolite
Non-Foliated Metamorphic Rock Marble
The Rock Cycle Magma
The Rock Cycle Magma Crystallizes (cools)
The Rock Cycle Magma Igneous Rock Crystallizes (cools)
The Rock Cycle Magma Igneous Rock Crystallizes (cools) Weathering and Erosion
The Rock Cycle Magma Sediment Igneous Rock Crystallizes (cools) Weathering and Erosion
The Rock Cycle Magma Sediment Igneous Rock Crystallizes (cools) Weathering and Erosion Lithification
The Rock Cycle Magma Sedimentary Rock Sediment Igneous Rock Crystallizes (cools) Weathering and Erosion Lithification
The Rock Cycle Magma Sedimentary Rock Sediment Igneous Rock Crystallizes (cools) Weathering and Erosion Lithification Metamorphosis
The Rock Cycle Magma Sedimentary Rock Sediment Metamorphic Rock Igneous Rock Crystallizes (cools) Weathering and Erosion Lithification Metamorphosis
The Rock Cycle Magma Sedimentary Rock Sediment Metamorphic Rock Igneous Rock Crystallizes (cools) Weathering and Erosion Lithification Metamorphosis Melts
The Rock Cycle Magma Sedimentary Rock Sediment Metamorphic Rock Igneous Rock Crystallizes (cools) Weathering and Erosion Lithification Metamorphosis Melts Metamorphosis
The Rock Cycle Magma Sedimentary Rock Sediment Metamorphic Rock Igneous Rock Crystallizes (cools) Weathering and Erosion Lithification Metamorphosis Melts
The Rock Cycle Magma Sedimentary Rock Sediment Metamorphic Rock Igneous Rock Crystallizes (cools) Weathering and Erosion Lithification Metamorphosis Melts
The Rock Cycle Magma Sedimentary Rock Sediment Metamorphic Rock Igneous Rock Crystallizes (cools) Weathering and Erosion Lithification Metamorphosis Melts Weathering and Erosion