CHAPTER 2 Input & Output Prepared by: Mrs.sara salih 1

What Is an Information System? System: Collection of elements and procedures that interact to accomplish a goal. Football game, transit systems, etc. Information system: A collection of elements that interact to generate the information needed in an organization 2

Input Devices 1- Keyboard 2- Pointing Devices 3- Mouse 4- Electronic pen 5-Touch screen 6-Scanners 7-Digital cameras 3

Keyboards Keyboard: An input device containing keys, arranged in a typewriter configuration, used to input letters, numbers, and other symbols * Can be wired or wireless Contains: - Standard alphanumeric keys - Numeric keypad - Function keys - Directional keys and special keys 4

Keyboards 5

* Keyboards are increasingly including alternate input tools: - Touch pads - Some also include built-in display screens 6

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Pointing Devices # Pointing device: An input device that moves an onscreen pointer (arrow or insertion point) to allow the user to select objects on the screen. Common types of pointing devices: - Mouse - Electronic pen - Touch screen 8

The Mouse Mouse: A pointing device the user slides along a flat surface to move a pointer around the screen and clicks its buttons to make selections 9

The Electronic Pen # Electronic pen: Device used to select objects, as well as to draw or write electronically on the screen Also called tablet pen, digital pen. 10

Touch Screens # Touch screen: Display device that is touched with the finger to issue commands or otherwise generate input to the connected PC Used with: Desktop and portable PCs Mobile phones 11

Touch Screens 12

Scanners # Scanner (optical scanner): Input device that reads printed text and graphics and transfers them to a computer in digital form 13

Digital Cameras # Digital cameras: Record images on digital storage medium rather than film - Can either be still cameras or video cameras - Typically use flash memory for storage Types: - Digital still cameras - Digital video cameras 14

Digital Cameras 15

Audio Input Audio input: The process of entering audio data into the computer - Voice - Music (from CDs) Voice input systems (speech recognition systems) - Enable a computer to recognize the human voice 16

Voice Input Systems 17

Output Devices Display devices ( screen). Flat-Panel Display Technologies. Data and Multimedia Projectors. Printers. Audio output ( headphones, speakers,) 18

Output Devices (cont..) *Display device: Presents output visually - Monitor: Display device for a desktop PC - Display screen: Screen built into a variety of devices - handheld PCs, - Mobile phones and mobile devices - E-paper 19

Display Devices 20

Flat-Panel Display Technologies # Liquid crystal displays (LCDs): Use charged liquid crystals between sheets of glass or plastic # LED (Light emitting diode): Used in displays as well as a variety of consumer products # Organic light emitting diode (OLED) displays: Use emissive organic material to display brighter and sharper images 21

Flat-Panel Display Technologies 22

Data and Multimedia Projectors Data projector: Display device that projects all computer output to a wall or projection screen - Most data projectors today can project video, in addition to computer output - Can be wireless or integrated into devices 23

Printers Printers: Produce hard copy Printer Characteristics: - Color vs. black and white - Personal vs. network printers - Print resolution - Print speed - Multifunction capabilities 24

Printers 25

Types of printers - Laser Printers - Ink-Jet Printers - Special-Purpose Printers 26

Audio Output Audio output: Output in the form of voice or music - Speakers - Headphones and headsets - Earphones 27

The Operating System Operating system: A collection of programs that manage and coordinate the activities taking place within a computer system Examples: Most PCs today run Windows, Mac OS, or Linux, Windows Vista,Windows 7 28

Functions of an Operating System * Interfacing with users (typically via a GUI) * Booting the computer * Managing resources and jobs * File management * Security 29

Differences Among Operating Systems * Command line vs. graphical user interface (GUI) - Most operating systems use GUI today 30

Differences Among Operating Systems  Personal vs. server operating system  Personal operating system: designed to be installed on a single PC  Server operating system: designed to be installed on a network server o Client PCs still use a personal operating system o Server operating system controls access to network resources Many operating systems come in both versions 31

Utility Programs * Utility program: Type of software that performs a specific task, usually related to managing or maintaining the computer system 32

Summary Definitions of System & Information systems. Types of Input devices Types of Output devices Operating Systems Utility Programs 33