Rise of Fascism in Germany

A. Failures of the Weimar Republic 1.Attempt at Democratic Govn’t (Parliament), Constitution, Prime Minister (Chancellor) 2.Too many political parties 3.Depression, resentment over Versailles = call for a strong leader Inflation (Marks become worthless) = hyperinflation

B. Promises of a New Leader NAZI party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, or NSDPA) – National Socialist Germans Workers party Wrote Mein Kampf Promised economic stability Swastika= strength of the German Volk, symbol of “Aryan” identity, extreme nationalism Fed on people’s fears

C. Sercurity Organizations S.A. (Sturmabteilung ): Stormtroopers, “brownshirts” – got him into power S.S. (Schutzstaffel ): Elite guard, “death’s heads”- under Heinrich Himmler Gestapo: Secret State Police

D. Gets into gov’t LEGALLY! People vote for Nazi party after Great Depression began in 1929People vote for Nazi party after Great Depression began in 1929 Offers “simple solutions to complex problems!!!!!”Offers “simple solutions to complex problems!!!!!” Becomes Chancellor (Prime Minister) in 1933Becomes Chancellor (Prime Minister) in 1933 Uses famous fire at the Reichstag to take constitutional power in the “Enabling Act”Uses famous fire at the Reichstag to take constitutional power in the “Enabling Act” Gives Hitler Dictatorial powersGives Hitler Dictatorial powers

VI: Life under Hitler (after OH Notes)

A. Creation of the THIRD REICH 1.Immediately changes Germany according to Fascist nationalist and racist beliefs 2.Nazi Germany called the THIRD REICH – means 3 rd empire in Germany History 3.Community and nation more important than individual

B. New Rules under the Nazi 3 rd Reich 1. N UREMBERG L AWS a.Marriage (& other relations) between Jews & “Aryan” Germans forbidden b.Jewish business owners will not employ German women c.Jewish people may not display the German flag d.Citizenship not granted unless the person is “fit to serve the Reich” e.Eventual sterilization of certain “unfit” people: Gypsies, Slavs, Jews, “the physically deformed”

C. Changes in Society 1.INCREASED STUDIES IN EUGENICS 2.Increase in NAZI youth groups, pressure on women 3.Increased racism- boycott of Jewish businesses & exclusion from Government positions 4.Propaganda- both in movies & papers 5.NAZI political ideals forced in education 6.NAZI’s control every aspect of life (informants, spies, paranoia)  TOTALITARIANISM 7.Jews, gypsies, “others” begin to leave 8.Krystallnacht – 1938!!!!!!!