Specialised Cells D. Crowley, 2007

Specialised cells To know how animal and plant cells are adapted for different functions Friday, August 14, 2015

Recap What parts of a cell are found within animal cells and plant cells? Animal cells: - Nucleus Cell membrane Cytoplasm Plant cells: - All of the above + Cell wall Vacuole Chloroplasts

Specialisation Can you think of any cells which are specialised? How are they specialised, and for what reason? Many organisms are multi-cellular - they are made up of lots of cells, not just one! Many of these cells are specialised, sharing out the life processes (they work together as a team, supporting the organism) Specialist cells occur in both animals and plants…

Examples Using the microscopes, have a look at some specialised cells You do not need to write anything down, but see if you can identify what the cell looks like, and come up with a reason as to why it is specialised - how, and for what purpose?

Animal Cells The table below shows some specialised animal cells Using your sheet, draw out the cells which have been identified… Animal CellCell DiagramFunctionSpecialisation Red blood cellsTo carry oxygenLarge surface area for oxygen Haemoglobin which binds the oxygen Lacks nucleus when mature Nerve cellTo carry nerve impulses to different parts of the body Long Connections at each end Can carry electrical signals Female reproductive cell To join with a male cell, and then to provide food for the new cell that has formed Large Contains a large amount of cytoplasm Male reproductive cell To reach the female cell in order to join with itLong tail for swimming Head which is able to penetrate the female cell * Make the drawings as clear, and accurate as possible

Plant Cells The table below shows some specialised plant cells Using your sheet, draw out the cells which have been identified… Plant CellCell DiagramFunctionSpecialisation Root hair cellTo absorb water and mineralsLarge surface area Leaf cellTo absorb sunlight (needed for photosynthesis) Large surface area Many chloroplasts (containing chlorophyll, needed for photosynthesis) * Make the drawings as clear, and accurate as possible

Summary Finally, complete the worksheet, matching the pictures with the cell name, as well as its function…