LEC 10 FIELD BOTANY – Lecture 10 Dr. Donald P. Althoff Grasses Part II Common Characteristics & Classifications Barnyard grass Witchgrass Johnsongrass.

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Presentation transcript:

LEC 10 FIELD BOTANY – Lecture 10 Dr. Donald P. Althoff Grasses Part II Common Characteristics & Classifications Barnyard grass Witchgrass Johnsongrass Foxtail

Kingdom Division Class Order Family Subfamily TRIBE Plantae Magnoliophyta (Anthrophyta) Liliopsida- moncots ?...>16 grasses Cyperales ____________ End in -____ But not exclusively

Tribes (some) Andropogoneae Aristideae Arundineae Aveneae Centotheceae Chlorideae Danthonieae Eragrosteae Oryzeae Paniceae Poeae Triticeae

TRIBE: Andropogoneae Big bluestem Little bluestem ___________ Indiangrass ___________ Eastern gamagrass

TRIBE: Aristideae Curly threeawn Threeawn Prairie threeawn Purple threeawn

TRIBE: Arundineae Giant reed Common reed ( Phragmites )

TRIBE: Aveneae Bent grass Winter bent grass Wild oats (a) Cultivated oats (a)

TRIBE: Centotheceae Indian woodoats Broadleaf woodoats Narrowleaf woodoats

TRIBE: Chorideae Sideoats grama _____ grama Buffalo grass Windmill grass Bermuda grass

TRIBE: Danthonieae Poverty grass (very short) (poverty oatgrass)

TRIBE: Eragrosteae Goosegrass (a) Stinkgrass (a) Purple lovegrass Tall dropseed (composite) Purple (red) top greasegrass

TRIBE: Oryzeae Rice cutgrass Whitegrass

TRIBE: Paniceae (page 1) Crabgrass (a) Barnyard grass Redtop panicum Switchgrass

TRIBE: Paniceae (page 2) (Marsh) bristlegrass Yellow foxtail & other foxtails (a)

TRIBE: Poeae (page 1) Soft brome (a) Field brome (a) Cheatgrass (a) Orchardgrass Tall fescue

TRIBE: Poeae (page 2) Ryegrass (a) Annual bluegrass (a) Kentucky bluegrass Smooth brome

TRIBE: Triticeae Western wheatgrass Canada wildrye Rye (a)

Cool Season Grasses Kentucky bluegrass Annual bluegrass Tall fescue Canada wildrye Soft brome (a) __________________________ (a) _______________ (a) Orchardgrass Tall fescue Timothy Woodoats Wild oats (a) Cultivated oats (a) Western wheat

Warm Season Grasses (page 1) Indiangrass Big bluestem Little bluestem Switchgrass Buffalograss ______________ E. gamagrass Bermuda grass Poverty grass Bromesedge Threeawns Giant Reed Common Reed Bentgrass Sideoats grama Blue grama Hairy grama

Warm Season Grasses (page 2) Rice cutgrass ___________ Barnyard grass Redtop panicum Bristlegrass Goosegrass Stinkgrass Purplelove grass Tall dropseed Purple (red) top Whitegrass __________

________ vs. ________ Grass Introduced vs. Native Timothy Rye grassIndiangrass Tall fescue sod-forming bunch grass Smooth brome Reed canarygrass

Sod-forming grasses with ________________: smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis) Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) quackgrass (Agropyron repens) prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata) foxtail muhly (Muhlenbergia andina) Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense) redtop (Agrostis alba). Sod-forming grasses with _____________: tall fescue (Festuca arundinaceae) side-oats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula) big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii) Indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans). Sod-forming

Sod-forming…con’t Sod-forming grasses with ________________: bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) bentgrasses (Agrostis spp.) buffalo grass (Buchloe dactyloides).

Bunch-forming Bunchgrasses - chiefly _____________branching: perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) broomsedge (Andropogon virginicus ) Bunchgrasses - reproducing _____________ via corms: timothy (Phleum pratense) tall oatgrass (Arrhenatherum elatius var. bulbosum). The adventitious buds of bunchgrasses are found on the basal nodes in crown tissue and produce new tillers which remain within the surrounding leaf sheath of the mother stem. Reproduce vegetatively from adventitious buds on corms--corms are thickened, bulbous internodes which form in crown tissue, serving as storage organs.