FINDING EMPIRICAL AND CHEMICAL FORMULAS BY EXPERIMENT Chemistry 11 Ms. McGrath.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Copyright Sautter EMPIRICAL FORMULAE An empirical formula is the simplest formula for a compound. For example, H 2 O 2 can be reduced to a simpler.

Advertisements

Percentage Composition and Empirical Formula

Chemistry Notes Empirical & Molecular Formulas. Empirical Formula The empirical formula gives you the lowest, whole number ratio of elements in the compound.

Determining Chemical Formulas Experimentally % composition, empirical and molecular formula.

Percentage Composition

Calculating Moles and Number of Atoms

Molecular Formulas 1.Find empirical formula 2.Calculate molar mass of empirical formula 3.Molar mass of compound / molar mass of empirical formula (we’ll.

Finding Theoretical Yield and Percent Yield

Percent Composition, Empirical Formula and Molecular Formula 10.4 summary.

Percent Composition, Empirical Formulas, Molecular Formulas

Chapter 3 Percent Compositions and Empirical Formulas

Percent Composition From a Chemical Formula Chemistry 11 Ms. McGrath.

Mass Conservation in Chemical Reactions Mass and atoms are conserved in every chemical reaction. Molecules, formula units, moles and volumes are not always.

Combustion and Hydrate Analysis

PERCENT COMPOSITION. 2 3 Steps for Determining Chemical Formulas 1. Determine the percent composition of all elements. 2. Convert this information into.

4.6 MOLECULAR FORMULAS. 1. Determine the percent composition of all elements. 2. Convert this information into an empirical formula 3. Find the true number.

Chemistry There are some compounds that we know have elements in fixed mass proportions. Water H 2 O  2 g : 16 g Carbon dioxide CO 2 

Percentage Composition Chemistry 11 Ms. McGrath. Percentage Composition Chemists use molar mass to find out important information about compounds. Chemists.

Empirical and Molecular Formulas

Mass Percent Chemistry 11.

Chemical Formulas and Moles. Example: 1.water (C) – every molecule of water contains 2 atoms of hydrogen & one atom of oxygen - 2 molecules of H 2 O would.

Using the MOLE. Percentage composition Percentage composition is the mass of individual elements in a compound expressed as a percentage of the mass of.

Percentages How do you calculate your percentage score in a test if you correctly answered 34 out of 47 questions? Answer: 33/47 x 100/1 = ? If 18 out.

 Mass of crucible + lid = g  Mass of crucible + lid + Mg = g  Mass of crucible + lid + magnesium oxide = g.

The mole (abbreviation: mol) is the amount of substance equal to 6.02 x particles These particles can be atoms, ions, formula units,molecules, electrons,

% Composition, Empirical Formulas, & Molecular Formulas.

Chapter 8 Percentage Composition. Water is made of hydrogen and oxygen. How many grams of each are in the sample of water below?

Section 6.2 Molar Mass and Percent Composition 1.To understand the definition of molar mass 2.To learn to convert between moles and mass 3.To learn to.

1 Percent Composition: Identifies the elements present in a compound as a mass percent of the total compound mass. The mass percent is obtained by dividing.

Empirical Formula  %  g  g  mol  mol / mol. Percentage Composition Mg magnesium Cl chlorine Mg 2+ Cl 1- MgCl

Chemical Formulas. Mass Percent Also known as percent composition. Shows the mass of each element in a compound as a percent of the total mass of the.

A blast from the past Combustion: when fuel burns, water and carbon dioxide are the products. Sometimes is a hydrocarbon fuel (contains carbon and hydrogen)

Percent Composition and Empirical and Molecular Formula.

FINDING EMPIRICAL AND CHEMICAL FORMULAS BY EXPERIMENT

Percentage Composition

AHS CHEMISTRY GUTIERREZ

Determining Empirical Formula from Combustion Analysis

Percent Composition Calculations

10.3 Percent Composition Def: Relative amounts of the different elements in a compound What percent of water is hydrogen? oxygen?

EMPIRICAL FORMULA AND MOLECULAR FORMULA

Percentages of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen from combustion

Combustion Analysis Combustion analysis determines the empirical formula of molecules by burning them in the presence of excess oxygen. The process involves.

Percentage Composition

Chemical Quantities.

Combustion and Hydrate Analysis

Mass Relationships in Chemical Formulas

3.11 Earth’s population is about 6.5 billion. Suppose that every person on Earth participates in a process of counting identical particles at the rate.

Chemical Formulas.

Relative Formula Mass This is the total mass of the sum of all the relative atomic masses of the elements in a compound.

% Formula Mass and % Composition

Combustion Analysis The composition of a substance is often determined by using a specified reaction to break down the substance into known measurable.

Percent Composition.

Chemical Formulas.

Chemical Calculations

Chapter 3 Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions

Percentage Composition

Vocabulary Percent Composition -

Ch. 7-3 Percent Composition

Percent Composition & Empirical Formulas

Percentage Composition Chapter 8 Percentage Composition.

Chapter 3 Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions

Molecular Formula number and type of atoms covalent compounds

Percentage Composition

Combustion and Hydrate Analysis

Empirical and Molecular Formulas

Chapter 6 Chemical Quantities

Reading Guide 10.3b Empirical Formulas Molecular Formulas

Notes Ch. 10.3a Calculating Percent Composition

Combustion analysis Combustion analysis is a method used in both organic chemistry and analytical chemistry to determine the elemental composition (more.

III. Percent Composition

Presentation transcript:

FINDING EMPIRICAL AND CHEMICAL FORMULAS BY EXPERIMENT Chemistry 11 Ms. McGrath

Finding Empirical and Chemical Formulas by Experiment We know how to find percentage composition of a compound using its chemical formula. Often, the chemical formula is not known. Experimentation is then used to determine the percentage composition, molar mass then the chemical formula.

Finding Empirical and Chemical Formulas by Experiment Carbon- Hydrogen Combustion Analyzer An instrument that is used to analyze the amount of hydrogen, carbon and oxygen in important chemicals. It determines the percentage composition of compounds that are made up of these three elements.

Carbon- Hydrogen Combustion Analyzer

How does this work?

Carbon- Hydrogen Combustion Analyzer How does this work? Compounds containing carbon and hydrogen will burn in a stream of pure oxygen, O2, to produce only carbon dioxide and water. If a sample contains only carbon and hydrogen you can find the mass of the products (CO2 and H2O) separately to determine the mass percent of the compound.

Carbon- Hydrogen Combustion Analyzer

Example: A g sample of a pure compound, containing only carbon and hydrogen, was combusted in an analyzer. The combustion produced g of water and g of carbon dioxide. a)Calculate the mass of carbon and hydrogen in the sample. b)Find the empirical formula of the compound.