Glenohumeral Joint Amber Robbins

Classification ● Synovial, Diarthrodial joint ➔ Movable ➔ Ends of long bones ➔ Articular capsule ➔ Synovial Membrane

Important Ligaments ● Acromioclavicular ● Coracoacromial ● Coracoclavicular ➔ Conoid ➔ trapezoid ●Transverse

Important Tendons ● Tendon of biceps brachii muscle ● Tendon of supraspinatus muscle ● Tendon of infraspinatus muscle

Movements ● Abduction: OUT deltoid, supraspinatus ● Adduction: IN pectoralis major ● Flexion: FORWARD deltoid ● Extension: BACKWARD triceps brachii, teres major, deltoid, latissimus dorsi

Movements ● Internal Rotation: MEDIAL subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major ● External Rotation: LATERAL teres minor, infraspinatus

Glenoid Labrum ● Increases depth of glenoid cavity about 50% ● Fibro-cartilaginous reduces friction, provides stability

Torn Labrum ● Bankart tear: between 3 and 6 ● SLAP (superior labral anteroposterior) tear ● Posterior labral tear of reverse Bankart lesion between 12 and 9

Torn Labrum ● Dislocation, direct hit, sudden fall, fall on outstretched arm, sudden pull (heavy object) ● Athletes are prone ● Old age comes with an increased risk

Rehabilitation for Labrum ● Before final diagnosis: anti-inflammatory ● Exercises to increase rotator cuff muscles ● Arthroscopic surgery: removal/repair

Frozen Shoulder ● Adhesive Capsulitis ● Symptoms ➔ Freezing: any movement causes pain ➔ Frozen: Pain decreases, motion decreases ➔ Thawing:Range of motion begins to increase

Frozen Shoulder ● Causes: joint capsule thickens and tightens ➔ Cause is uncertain ➔ More likely to occur in diabetes patients, people who have immobilized arm for long period

Frozen Shoulder ● Diagnosis: evaluation of movement, rarely MRIs ● Treatment: ➔ Range of motion exercises ➔ Steroids ➔ Joint distension: sterile water ➔ Shoulder manipulation: anesthetic ➔ Surgery: rare, arthroscopically

Bibliography ●Glenohumeral Joint. (n.d.). Retrieved March 13, 2015, from ●Glenoid Labrum. (n.d.). Retrieved March 13, 2015, from ●Glenoid Labrum Tear. (n.d.). Retrieved March 13, 2015, from ●Labral Tears (Glenoid Labrum of the Shoulder). (n.d.). Retrieved March 13, 2015, from list_labral-tears-glenoid-labrum.asp#.VQMZF473-iwhttp:// list_labral-tears-glenoid-labrum.asp#.VQMZF473-iw ●Mayo Clinic Staff (n.d.). Frozen shoulder. Retrieved March 16, 2015, from conditions/frozen-shoulder/basics/causes/con http:// conditions/frozen-shoulder/basics/causes/con ●Shoulder Joint - Glenohumeral Joint - 3D Anatomy Tutorial. (2012, July 20). Retrieved March 13, 2015, from ●Shoulder Joint Tear (Glenoid Labrum Tear). (2001, January 1). Retrieved March 13, 2015, from