Exploring the Religions of Our World Chapter 6 Buddhism Chapter 6 Buddhism

The Basics A purpose of Buddhism is to be enlightened about that which is realA purpose of Buddhism is to be enlightened about that which is real Founder: Siddhartha GautamaFounder: Siddhartha Gautama The goal of Buddhism is attaining Nirvana (the extinction of suffering, impermanence, delusion, and all that keeps the life cycle going)The goal of Buddhism is attaining Nirvana (the extinction of suffering, impermanence, delusion, and all that keeps the life cycle going) Two main branches: Theravada Buddhism and Mahayana BuddhismTwo main branches: Theravada Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism The Basics A purpose of Buddhism is to be enlightened about that which is real Founder: Siddhartha Gautama The goal of Buddhism is attaining Nirvana (the extinction of suffering, impermanence, delusion, and all that keeps the life cycle going) Two main branches: Theravada Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism

Chapter 6 Buddhism Periods of Hindu History Periods of Hindu History  Page 234

Chapter 6 Buddhism History Facts about Siddhartha Gautama: born about 560 BCE and died about 483born about 560 BCE and died about 483 born into a Hindu warrior casteborn into a Hindu warrior caste was married at 16 years old and fathered one sonwas married at 16 years old and fathered one son at 19 he encountered four things his father had tried to shield from himat 19 he encountered four things his father had tried to shield from him reached enlightenment by taking up meditation on suffering and the cycle of rebirthreached enlightenment by taking up meditation on suffering and the cycle of rebirth converted many countrymen by preaching that moksha could be attained by the Middle Wayconverted many countrymen by preaching that moksha could be attained by the Middle Way History Facts about Siddhartha Gautama: born about 560 BCE and died about 483 born into a Hindu warrior caste was married at 16 years old and fathered one son at 19 he encountered four things his father had tried to shield from him reached enlightenment by taking up meditation on suffering and the cycle of rebirth converted many countrymen by preaching that moksha could be attained by the Middle Way

Chapter 6 Buddhism History (continued) The Four Sights (what Gautama’s father tried to shield from him): old ageold age illnessillness deathdeath asceticism (renouncing material comforts to live a self-disciplined life)asceticism (renouncing material comforts to live a self-disciplined life) History (continued) The Four Sights (what Gautama’s father tried to shield from him): old age illness death asceticism (renouncing material comforts to live a self-disciplined life)

Chapter 6 Buddhism History (continued) Who is the Dalai Lama? A bodhisattva (someone who compassionately refrains from entering nirvana in order to save others and is worshiped as a deity in Mahayana Buddhism)A bodhisattva (someone who compassionately refrains from entering nirvana in order to save others and is worshiped as a deity in Mahayana Buddhism) The head Tibetan Buddhist monastic leaderThe head Tibetan Buddhist monastic leader The political leader of Tibet until the Chinese communist government forced them out of Tibet in 1959The political leader of Tibet until the Chinese communist government forced them out of Tibet in 1959 History (continued) Who is the Dalai Lama? A bodhisattva (someone who compassionately refrains from entering nirvana in order to save others and is worshiped as a deity in Mahayana Buddhism) The head Tibetan Buddhist monastic leader The political leader of Tibet until the Chinese communist government forced them out of Tibet in 1959

Chapter 6 Buddhism Sacred Stories and Sacred Scriptures Scriptures of Theravada Buddhism: Sacred Stories and Sacred Scriptures Scriptures of Theravada Buddhism: Tripitaka “the three baskets” (contains the words of the Buddha) Tripitaka “the three baskets” (contains the words of the Buddha) Vinaya Pitaka – the code of monastic discipline for monks and nuns Sutra Pitaka – discourses attributed to Gautama Abidharma Pitaka – examines the Buddha’s psychological and Buddhist doctrine Vinaya Pitaka – the code of monastic discipline for monks and nuns Sutra Pitaka – discourses attributed to Gautama Abidharma Pitaka – examines the Buddha’s psychological and Buddhist doctrine

Chapter 6 Buddhism Sacred Stories and Sacred Scriptures (continued) Scriptures of Mahayana Buddhism: Sacred Stories and Sacred Scriptures (continued) Scriptures of Mahayana Buddhism: Tripitaka(Mahayanaversion)Tripitaka(Mahayanaversion) Lotus Sutra the final teachings of the Buddha which makes Enlightenment available to everyone Lotus Sutra the final teachings of the Buddha which makes Enlightenment available to everyone Perfection of Wisdom a treatise on how to achieve the perfection of wisdom of a bodhisattva Perfection of Wisdom a treatise on how to achieve the perfection of wisdom of a bodhisattva

Chapter 6 Buddhism Beliefs and Practices The Four Noble Truths Beliefs and Practices The Four Noble Truths Life is filled with suffering: both physical and mental Life is filled with suffering: both physical and mental The cause of suffering is desire The cause of suffering is desire To cease suffering one must cease desiring To cease suffering one must cease desiring The path to the end of suffering is the Noble Eightfold Path The path to the end of suffering is the Noble Eightfold Path

Chapter 6 Buddhism RightUnderstanding RightThought RightSpeech RightConduct RightLivelihood RightEffort RightMindfulness RightConcentration Beliefs and Practices (continued) The Noble Eightfold Path Beliefs and Practices (continued) The Noble Eightfold Path

Chapter 6 Buddhism Sacred Time Sacred Time Offerings to Buddha Buddha MeditationMeditation PujaPuja Visakha “Buddha Day” Visakha CelebratingsanghaCelebratingsangha Celebrating the Buddhist lifecycleCelebrating lifecycle

Chapter 6 Buddhism Sacred Places and Sacred Spaces Sacred Places and Sacred Spaces Temples used for religious devotions and to enshrine images of buddhas Temples used for religious devotions and to enshrine images of buddhas Stupas hold important relics of the Buddha or other important figures Stupas hold important relics of the Buddha or other important figures Pagodas large stupas Pagodas

Chapter 6 Buddhism Sacred Places and Sacred Spaces (continued) Places of Pilgrimage: Lumbini Gardens – traditional site of the birth of Siddhartha Gautama near NepalLumbini Gardens – traditional site of the birth of Siddhartha Gautama near Nepal Bodh Gaya – the place Gautama became enlightenedBodh Gaya – the place Gautama became enlightened Sarnath – where Gautama preached his first sermon about the Four Noble TruthsSarnath – where Gautama preached his first sermon about the Four Noble Truths Kushinara – traditional place of the death of GautamaKushinara – traditional place of the death of Gautama Sacred Places and Sacred Spaces (continued) Places of Pilgrimage: Lumbini Gardens – traditional site of the birth of Siddhartha Gautama near Nepal Bodh Gaya – the place Gautama became enlightened Sarnath – where Gautama preached his first sermon about the Four Noble Truths Kushinara – traditional place of the death of Gautama

Chapter 6 Buddhism Buddhism through a Catholic Lens Buddhism through a Catholic Lens Similarities Emphasis on peace and compassionEmphasis on peace and compassion Long monastic traditionLong monastic tradition The practice of meditationThe practice of meditation Some parallels between the life of Jesus and BuddhaSome parallels between the life of Jesus and Buddha Similarities Emphasis on peace and compassion Long monastic tradition The practice of meditation Some parallels between the life of Jesus and Buddha

Chapter 6 Buddhism Buddhism through a Catholic Lens Differences Jesus claimed to be divine, Buddha did notJesus claimed to be divine, Buddha did not Jesus’ message was about the Kingdom of God, Siddhartha’s was about the cessation of sufferingJesus’ message was about the Kingdom of God, Siddhartha’s was about the cessation of suffering The understanding of the meaning and purpose of sufferingThe understanding of the meaning and purpose of suffering Differences Jesus claimed to be divine, Buddha did not Jesus’ message was about the Kingdom of God, Siddhartha’s was about the cessation of suffering The understanding of the meaning and purpose of suffering

Chapter 6 Buddhism Nirvana Nirvana ascetic ascetic Middle Way Middle Way sangha sangha relics relics Dharma Dharma bodhisattva bodhisattva Nirvana ascetic Middle Way sangha relics Dharma bodhisattva lamas lamas Tripitaka Tripitaka The Lotus of the True Law The Lotus of the True Law Perfection of Wisdom Perfection of Wisdom tantric tantric mandala mandala mantra mantra lamas Tripitaka The Lotus of the True Law Perfection of Wisdom tantric mandala mantra anatma anatma samsara samsara arhat arhat puja puja stupa stupa pagodas pagodas anatma samsara arhat puja stupa pagodas Vocabulary Vocabulary