COLONIALISM IN SOUTH AMERICA: CASE STUDY- ECUADOR

WHAT IS COLONIALISM? “A policy by which a nation maintains or extends its control over foreign dependencies” During the 15 th Century the major powers of Europe were trying to expand their territories, this was most easily done by taking over regions which were not already claimed by European nations The US started as an English colony, What two countries started colonizing South America?

PIZARRO IN SOUTH AMERICA Pizarro’s first encounter with the Americas was in 1502 In 1513 he crossed the Isthmus of Panama with Vasco Nunez Balboa In 1524 Pizarro made his first attempt at exploring South America After several negative encounters with native people and lack of supplies the voyage turned back to Central America What does this picture tell us about Pizarro?

In 1526 Pizarro made a second attempt 180 men Reached the Atacames in Ecuador Found the Incan Empire 1532 Pizarro and his men approached Atahualpa, the Incan leader- he refused their presence Atahualpa is held captive Atahualpa is executed after he refused to convert to Catholicism, and for the murder of his brother. One year later the Spanish have almost complete control over Ecuador

EFFECTS OF COLONIALISM IN ECUADOR Action:Result: Disease kills up to 58:1 person Loss of stability Spanish is introduced Fewer people speak the native language after one generation Catholicism is introduced Shamanism is seen as sin Peninsulars take over government Native people have no say over their nation Nations become producers for Spain Nations lose economic autonomy Plantation style agriculture Workers see almost no benefit from their work Culture is assimilated Spanish way of life is prized

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CULTURES AROUND THE WORLD What is Culture?

Symbols Rituals Practices Values

CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS Government Economy Hierarchy Politics Social Music Foods Folk Art Pop Art Traditional Family Gender Role Religion

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN TWO CULTURES COLLIDE? Cultural Imperialism- when a dominant culture suppresses another culture Cultural Convergence- when both cultures survive together Cultural Assimilation- when one culture adopts the ways of another culture Give Examples of each: