Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine,

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Presentation transcript:

FIRST AID http://utpo.lf1.cuni.cz jana.heczkova@ftn.cz Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Theory and Practice of Nursing

Contacts http.//utpo.lf1.cuni.cz Username: firstaid.lf1@gmail.com Password: firstaid jana.heczkova@ftn.cz Credits: Practical exam

First Aid Consent Conscious victim Unconscious victim Children Mentally incompetent victim Refusing help Immediate care given to an injured or suddenly ill person

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Primary Survey (Initial assessment) Get help Secondary Survey (assessment) Provide first aid Reassess regularly Transport to health care facility

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Primary Survey (assessment) D R s A B C Get help Secondary Survey (assessment) Provide first aid Reassess regularly Transport to health care facility D R s A B C

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Primary Survey (assessment) Dangers R s A B C Get help Secondary Survey (assessment) Provide first aid Reassess regularly Transport to health care facility Dangers R s A B C

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Primary Survey (assessment) Dangers Response s AVPU scale Dangers Response s A B C Alert and aware Responds to Verbal stimuli Responds to Painful stimuli Unresponsive

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Primary Survey (assessment) Dangers Response Get help Secondary Survey (assessment) Provide first aid Reassess regularly Transport to health care facility Dangers Response shout for help A B C

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Primary Survey (assessment) Dangers Response Get help Secondary Survey (assessment) Provide first aid Reassess regularly Transport to health care facility Dangers Response shout for help Airway Breathing Circulation

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Get help Primary Survey (assessment) Secondary Survey (assessment) Provide first aid Reassess regularly Transport to health care facility

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Get help Europe 112 Local 155 Helth care facility 4444 What happened How many victims Where Who

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) A B C D E Primary Survey (assessment) Get help Secondary Survey (assessment) Provide first aid Reassess regularly Transport to health care facility A B C D E

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway B C D E Primary Survey (assessment) Get help Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway B C D E Head tilt – chin lift method Jaw thrust method

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing Rate Normal respiration 12 - 20 Bradypnea  Tachypnea  Apnea Depth Ease Noise

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing Primary Survey (assessment) Get help Secondary Survey (assessment) Provide first aid Reassess regularly Transport to health care facility Airway Breathing Circulation D E

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing Circulation D E Rate Normal HR 60 - 90 Bradycardia  Tachycardia  Strength Rhythm Arrythmia Skin colour

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing Circulation D E Systemic BP Normal BP 120–140 / 60-80 Hypertension  Hypotension 

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing Primary Survey (assessment) Get help Secondary Survey (assessment) Provide first aid Reassess regularly Transport to health care facility Airway Breathing Circulation Disability E

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing Mental status Pupils Extremities Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing Circulation Disability E

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing Mental status: Glasgow Coma Scale Pupils Extremities Eye opening Spontaneously 4 To Speach 3 To Pain 2 None 1 Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing Circulation Disability E Verbal response Orientated 5 Confused 4 Inappropriate words 3 Incomprehensible sounds 2 None 1 Motor response Obeys verbal commands 6 Localising pain 5 Withdraws from pain stimuli 4 Flexing to pain 3 Extension to pain 2 No response 1

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing GCS Pupils Extremities Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing Circulation Disability E Shape Equality Response to light PEARL Pupils Equal And Reacting to Light

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing GCS PEARL Extremities Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing Circulation Disability E CSM Circulation Sensation Movement

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing Primary Survey (assessment) Get help Secondary Survey (assessment) Provide first aid Reassess regularly Transport to health care facility Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure, Everything Else

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing Physical exam Victim‘s chief complaint Head to toe examination Victim‘s history Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure, Everything Else

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing Physical exam Victim‘s chief complaint Head to toe examination Victim‘s history Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure, Everything Else DOTS Deformity Open wounds Tenderness Swelling

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing Physical exam Victim‘s chief complaint Head to toe examination Victim‘s history (SAMPLE history) Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure, Everything Else Symptoms Allergies Medications Past medical history Last oral intake Events leading up to the illness or injury

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Provide first aid Primary Survey (assessment) Get help Secondary Survey (assessment) Provide first aid Reassess regularly Transport to health care facility

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Reassess regularly Primary Survey (assessment) Get help Secondary Survey (assessment) Provide first aid Reassess regularly Transport to health care facility Recovery position

ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Transport to health care facility Primary Survey (assessment) Get help Secondary Survey (assessment) Provide first aid Reassess regularly Transport to health care facility

RESOURCES National Safety Council; FIRST AID AND CPR. Chapleau, W., Pons, P. (2007) EMERGENCY MEDICAL TECHNICIAN. St. Louis: Elsevier Caroline, N. (2007) EMERGENCY CARE IN THE STREET. 6th ed. London: Jones and Bartlett