Tornadoes. How tornadoes are formed The process begins with the storm drawing into itself warm, humid air. The warm air rises To a point where the moisture.

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Presentation transcript:

Tornadoes

How tornadoes are formed The process begins with the storm drawing into itself warm, humid air. The warm air rises To a point where the moisture condense into rain. This sets up an opposing motion: cool downdraft. Changes in wind speed or direction at higher altitudes- called wind shear- can knit together the cool air and warm air in a horizontally spinning tube. Like a giant invisible steamroller. If more wend shifts tilt this tube so that one end touches the ground.

Tornado classification EF-Scale:Old F-Scale:Typical Damage: EF-0 (65-85 mph) F0 (65-73 mph)Light damage. Peels surface off some roofs; some damage to gutters or siding; branches broken off trees; shallow-rooted trees pushed over. EF-1 ( mph) F1 ( mph)Moderate damage. Roofs severely stripped; mobile homes overturned or badly damaged; loss of exterior doors; windows and other glass broken. EF-2( mph) F2 ( mph)Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-constructed houses; foundations of frame homes shifted; mobile homes completely destroyed; large trees snapped or uprooted; light-object missiles generated; cars lifted off ground. EF-3 ( mph) F3 ( mph)Severe damage. Entire stories of well-constructed houses destroyed; severe damage to large buildings such as shopping malls; trains overturned; trees debarked; heavy cars lifted off the ground and thrown; structures with weak foundations blown away some distance. EF-4 ( mph) F4 ( mph)Devastating damage. Whole frame houses Well-constructed houses and whole frame houses completely leveled; cars thrown and small missiles generated. EF-5 (>200 mph) F5 ( mph)Incredible damage. Strong frame houses leveled off foundations and swept away; automobile-sized missiles fly through the air in excess of 100 m (109 yd); high-rise buildings have significant structural deformation; incredible phenomena will occur. EF No ratingF6-F12 (319 mph to speed of sound) Inconceivable damage. Should a tornado with the maximum wind speed in excess of EF-5 occur, the extent and types of damage may not be conceived. A number of missiles such as iceboxes, water heaters, storage tanks, automobiles, etc.will

Doppler Radar Doppler Radar: is a form of radar that can detect motion directly. Doppler radar uses what is called the Doppler effect: observable change in frequency of waves produced by the motion of a wave source or the reciver. It was created by Christian Doppler, an Australian physicist in 1842

Doppler radar 0tornado&qs=VI&form=QBVR&pq=doppler%20radar%2F%20 t&sc=8- 16&sp=2&sk=VI1&ajf=70&ffirst=1#view=detail&mid=B6A689 3EDE5EED216AC5B6A6893EDE5EED216AC5 The link above is a explanation of how to read Doppler radar Below is a 3D map of a storm cell that produced the Vilonia Tornado The picture on the right shows A reflectivity view of Doppler radar.

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