Winter Tree Identification. Evergreens (Conifers) Deciduous Leaves are needles or scalelike Leaves stay on Tree year round Fruit is a cone Sap has “antifreeze”

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Presentation transcript:

Winter Tree Identification

Evergreens (Conifers) Deciduous Leaves are needles or scalelike Leaves stay on Tree year round Fruit is a cone Sap has “antifreeze” Leaves are flat with veins Leaves fall off tree in autumn Fruits vary

How to Identify Conifers Are leaves needle or scalelike? Are needles in a bundle or do they grow singly? How many needles are in a bundle? Do leaves fall off in autumn?

Scalelike Leaves Eastern red cedar Northern white cedar

Eastern White Pine Jack Pine Needles in Bundles

Single Needles Colorado blue spruce

Alternate Leaves Opposite Leaves Leaf Arrangement in Deciduous Trees Whorled Leaves

Trees with Opposite Leaves MAD Horse Buck (and Viburnum) Maple Ash Dogwood Horse Chestnut Buckeye Viburnum

Trees with Alternate Leaves Everything else… Oak Beech Hickory Aspen Elm Hackberry Etc….

Simple vs. Compound

Twig Anatomy

Maple (Acer sp.) Twigs/Buds Sugar Maple Silver Maple

Maple (Acer sp.) Bark Sugar Maple Silver Maple

Ash (Fraxinus sp.) Twigs Black Ash White Ash Green Ash

Ash (Fraxinus sp.) Bark White Ash Green Ash

Ohio Buckeye (Aesculus glabra) Opposite Leaf Scars Hexagonal Pith Peanut Butter Colored Large Bud Light Gray Bark

Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) Chambered Pith Bud and Leaf Scar (Monkey Face) Fruit

Birches (Betula sp.) Young bark of River Birch Bark of Paper Birch Mature bark of River Birch

Hickories (Carya sp.) Shagbark Hickory Bitternut (or Yellow-bud) Hickory

Catalpa (Catalpa speciosa) Whorled Leaf ScarsBark Fruit

Hackberry (Celtis occidentalis) Bud – Hairy Pseudoterminal Bud Angled Warty Bark in Young Trees

American Beech (Fagus grandifolia) Smooth, Silvery Bark Spiky Fruit Bud – Long, Narrow Cigar

Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis) Bud – One Scale Distinctive Flaky Bark Fruit

Cottonwood (Populus deltoides) Blocky Bark Bud – Imbricate Scales, Shiny and Large

Basswood (Tilia americana) Bud – Smiling Shark Mature Bark – Deep Fissures Young Bark – Smooth

Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) Paired Thorns on TwigBark – Deep Fissures

Oaks (Quercus sp.) Red Oak White Oak

Black Cherry (Prunus serotina) Young Bark (horizontal lenticels) Mature Bark

Field Guides and Resources Trees of Wisconsin website