COPYRIGH T or COPYWRO NG? By: Mohsina Husain

COPYRIGHT IS… The legal right given to the originator of a piece of creative work to:  Print  Publish  Perform  Or give others the authorization to do the same.

HOW THE COPYRIGHT LAW CAME TO BE… Copyright law can be tracked back to 1557 in England. It was first used to give the Crown permission to censor and remove all writing in circulation. Today, the copyright law protects the work of millions of people from being stolen and used in an improper way.

COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT Copyright infringement is using/reproducing someone’s work without proper permission. In a classroom, many different materials are used to make a lesson alive and interesting for students. It is necessary to make sure no copyright infringement takes place.

PUNISHMENT FOR INFRINGMENT Infringer pays the actual dollar amount of damages and profits. The law provides a range from $200 to $150,000 for each work infringed. The Court can issue an injunction to stop the infringing acts. The Court can impound the illegal works. The infringer can go to jail.

FAIR USE CLAUSE Fair use gives scholars, researchers, authors, etc., permission to make limited use of the work of another without asking permission. People other than the copyright owner are included in this clause.

Only a federal court can determine if it is fair use. While judging, there are 4 guidelines that are kept in mind.  The purpose and character of use.  The nature of the copyrighted work.  The amount and substantiality of the portion taken.  The effect of the use upon the potential market.

KEEPING IT FAIR… When any form of multimedia is used in the classroom, the following should be practiced to make sure that the copyright has been adhered to.  Portions of lawfully acquired copyrighted materials may be used if proper citation and credits are given.

 On the opening screen of the program, the student/teacher should say that the presentation was created under fair use exemption of the U.S. Copyright Law and are restricted from further use.  It is recommended that the educator/student should take steps to get permission during the development process for all copyrighted parts instead of waiting till after the completion of the project.

GUIDELINES WHEN USING THESE MATERIALS IN A CLASS: Music Compositions: Only 10% of sound recording can be used but again, cannot be played for more than 30 seconds. Alterations cannot be made to change the basic melody or the basis of the character of the music piece.

Films: Only 10% of the work or 3 minutes of the film can be shown. Note that the clip cannot be altered in any way. Text: 10% of the work is allowed to be used, or 1000 words, depending on which is less. Illustrations: When using single pictures, only 5 from the same artists is allowed. In a collection, only 10% or 15 images can be used, whichever is less.

Videotaping: Only programs aired for the general public may be taped. If a teacher wants a specific program to be taped, the school should tape it. After it is made, the tape can only be shown for the first 10 consecutive school days. After the 10 day period, the tape can only be used for evaluation. NOTE: these guidelines also apply when posting on websites.

REMEMBER… Plagiarism is a form of infringement. This includes using someone else’s words, phrases, sentences or ideas without giving them due credit. Somebody else’s words can still be used without plagiarizing, under some conditions.

 Direct words can be used if quoted with quotation marks and correct citation.  Another way is to paraphrase by using your one words but still using the gist or the main concept of the said piece of work. Proper credits and citations are still necessary.

IF YOU… Want to use a copyrighted material, follow the correct procedure to get permission. contact the owner, then request the right to use the work in the format and territory intended. In some cases, payment of a fee may also be required.

TEACHERS! THIS IS FOR YOU Us teachers, or soon to be teachers may be wondering what it is that we CAN do when dealing with material that isn't ours. Click and follow this link to learn what you CAN DO. dev/copyright_chart.pdf dev/copyright_chart.pdf

DON’T FORGET TO ALWAYS… Follow the guidelines for whatever material that you’re using. Music, variety of art, documentaries, poems of different authors, and other form of text all enrich the classroom experience. Use these resources safely and fairly!

CITATION "Copyright in an Electronic Environment." Copyright in an Electronic Environment. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Mar "Copyright Infringement Penalties." Copyright Infringement Penalties. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Mar “Getting Permission." Getting Permission. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Mar

"Plagiarism." The Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Mar "Stanford Copyright and Fair Use Center." Stanford Copyright and Fair Use Center Measuring Fair Use The Four Factors Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Mar "Stanford Copyright and Fair Use Center." Stanford Copyright and Fair Use CenterGrading Teachers on Copyright Law Videotaping for the Classroom Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Mar "Teaching Copyright." Fair Use Frequently Asked Questions. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Mar