Essential Question: What is poetry? Free write Essential Question: What is poetry? Consider: What form does poetry take, what rules does it have to follow, what purpose does it serve, who writes it, who reads it, who performs it, etc.

Essential Question: What is poetry? “If I feel physically as if the top of my head were taken off, I know that is poetry.” -Emily Dickinson, 19th Century American Poet

Essential Question: What is poetry? “A poem begins as a lump in the throat, a sense of wrong, a homesickness, a lovesickness.” -Robert Frost, author of “The Road Not Taken”

Essential Question: What is poetry? “A poet’s work is to name the un-nameable, to point at frauds, to take sides, to start arguments, shape the world, and stop it from going to sleep.” -Salman Rushdie, author of The Satanic Verses

Poetry & its forms There is no one right type of poem! Its all about the way that you read it! The Pool Players. Seven at the Golden Shovel. We real cool. We Left school. We Lurk late. We Strike straight. We Sing sin. We Thin gin. We Jazz June. We Die soon. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JBpxJb24O8A

What makes poetry different from prose? Words Syllables Phrases Feet Sentences Lines Paragraph Stanzas Chapters Cantos The FOOT is the basic building block of poetry. It is composed of a pattern of syllables. These patterns create what is called the METER of poem. METER is a pattern of beats or accents.

What do you notice about the meter, the rhyme scheme, etc.? SONNET 73 That time of year thou mayst in me behold When yellow leaves, or none, or few, do hang Upon those boughs which shake against the cold, Bare ruin’d choirs, where late the sweet birds sang. In me thou seest the twilight of such day As after sunset fadeth in the west, Which by and by black night doth take away Death’s second self, that seals up all the rest. In me thou see’st the glowing of such fire That on the ashes of his youth doe lie As the death-bed whereon it must expire Consumed with that which it was nourish’d by. This thou perceives, which makes thy love more strong To love that well which thou must leave ere long. SONNET 116 Let me not to the marriage of true minds Admit impediments. Love is not love Which alters when it alteration finds, Or bends with the remover to remove: O no; it is an ever-fixed mark,  That looks on tempests, and is never shaken; It is the star to every wandering bark, Whose worth's unknown, although his height be taken. Love's not Time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeks  Within his bending sickle's compass come;  Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks,  But bears it out even to the edge of doom. If this be error and upon me proved, I never writ, nor no man ever loved.  Study these sonnets. What do you notice about the meter, the rhyme scheme, etc.? Let’s see if you can solve the puzzle of Shakespeare’s sonnet structure!

Shakespeare and iambic pentameter Shakespeare’s sonnets are written primarily in IAMBIC PENTAMETER. Some of the qualities of iambic pentameter are: Each sonnet line consists of ten syllables. The syllables are divided into five pairs called iambs or iambic feet. An iamb is a metrical unit made up of one unstressed syllable followed by one stressed syllable. Example: baBOOM/baBOOM/baBOOM/baBOOM/baBOOM “When I/ do COUNT/ the CLOCK/ that TELLS/ the TIME” (Sonnet 12) “I ALL/ a-LONE/ be-WEEP/ my OUT/ cast STATE” (Sonnet 29)

Shakespearean Sonnet structure Sonnets have 14 lines The first 12 lines are divided into three QUATRAINS (groups of 4 lines). (These four lines typically establish a problem. ) The final 2 lines are called a COUPLET. (These two lines typically resolve the problem.) The rhyme scheme of a Shakespearean sonnet is: ABAB CDCD EFEF GG

Shakespearean Sonnet structure A Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? B Thou art more lovely and more temperate: A Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, B And summer’s lease hath all too short a date: C Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, D And often is his gold complexion dimm’d; C And every fair from fair sometime declines, D By chance or nature’s changing course untrimm’d; E But thy eternal summer shall not fade F Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; E Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade, F When in eternal lines to time thou growst: G So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, G So long lives this and this gives life to thee. B 1st Quatrain Sonnets have 14 lines The first 12 lines are divided into three QUATRAINS (groups of 4 lines). (These four lines typically establish a problem. ) The final 2 lines are called a COUPLET. (These two lines typically resolve the problem.) The rhyme scheme of a Shakespearean sonnet is: ABAB CDCD EFEF GG 2nd Quatrain 3rd Quatrain Couplet

THE RAVEN’s poetic structure The first stanza: Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volumes of forgotten lore, While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping. As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. “Tis some visitor,” I muttered, “tapping at my chamber door. Only this and nothing more.” What do we notice about this poetic structure?

THE RAVEN’s poetic structure RHYME SCHEME: Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volumes of forgotten lore, While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping. As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. “Tis some visitor,” I muttered, “tapping at my chamber door. Only this and nothing more.” What do we notice about this poetic structure? A B C B B B

THE RAVEN’s poetic structure INTERNAL RHYMES: Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volumes of forgotten lore, While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping. As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. “Tis some visitor,” I muttered, “tapping at my chamber door. Only this and nothing more.” What do we notice about this poetic structure? A B C B B B

THE RAVEN’s poetic structure Syllable Count THE RAVEN’s poetic structure METER & SYLLABLES: Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many quaint and curious volumes of forgotten lore, While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping. As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. “Tis some visitor,” I muttered, “tapping at my chamber door. Only this and nothing more.” What do we notice about this poetic structure? 16 A 15 B 16 C 15 B 15 B 7 B