Relating the Moles & Volume of a Gas. Hand in labs and pick up your worksheets.

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Presentation transcript:

Relating the Moles & Volume of a Gas

Hand in labs and pick up your worksheets

Avogadro’s Hypothesis Equal volumes of different gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of particles

Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP) Pressure = kPa = 1 atm (pressure at sea level) Temperature = 25°C At STP: 1 mol of any gas has a volume of 22.4 L Conversion factor: 22.4 L/mol Only for gases and only at STP! So this is not the same volume as the one in density unless you are told that it’s a gas and that it is at STP

Practice Hebden p.83 #11 a, b and #12 a, b

Think, Pair, Share Try the following problems on your own first If you have trouble then talk to your partner If both of you still do not feel confident, form a group of 4 with another pair

Think, Pair, Share 1) How many chloride ions are in 8.3 g of copper(II) chloride? 2) Calculate the number of hydrogen atoms in 4.5 mol of glycerol, C 3 H 5 (OH) 3. 3) How many molecules are in g of sodium hydrogen sulfate? 4) Natural gas consists primarily of methane, CH 4. What is the mass of 8.0 L of CH 4 at STP? 5) What volume of CO 2 at STP contains 0.20 g of carbon?

Think, Pair, Share 1)How many chloride ions are in 8.3 g of copper(II) chloride? CuCl 2 molar mass: x = g/mol 8.3g x 1mol/ g x 6.022x10 23 molec/1mol = x molec CuCl 2 There are 2 Cl atoms for in every 1 molecule of CuCl x molec CuCl 2 x (2 atom Cl)/(1 molec CuCl 2 ) = 7.4 x atoms

Think, Pair, Share 2) Calculate the number of hydrogen atoms in 4.5 mol of glycerol, C 3 H 5 (OH) 3. C 3 H 8 O 4.5 mol x 6.022x10 23 molecules/mol = x There are 8 atoms of H for every 1 molecule of C 3 H 8 O x x 8 = 2.2 x atoms

Think, Pair, Share 3) How many atoms are in g of sodium hydrogen sulfate? NaHSO g x 1mol/ g x 6.022x10 23 = 7.303x10 22 atoms

Think, Pair, Share 4) Natural gas consists primarily of methane, CH 4. What is the mass of 8.0 L of CH 4 at STP? 8.0 L x 1mol/22.4L x g/mol = 5.7 g

Think, Pair, Share 5) What volume of CO 2 at STP contains 0.20 g of carbon? 0.20g x 1mol/12.011g x 22.4L/mol = 0.37 L