Post-impressionism Systematic exploration of elements of design Furthering the fragmentation Increasing the expression injecting meaning into this exploration Salon of 1910 dubs the term

Georges Seurat ( ) Pointillism Sunday Afternoon on the Island of Grande Jatte,

Seurat Bathing at Ausnieres, 1883 Boats, Low Tide 1885 light can be measured in particles as well as wavelengths The eye mixes the colors

Vincent Van Gogh ( ) Sold just one painting in his lifetime Was tortured throughout life with mental illness When moves to Paris from Holland, becomes friends with Seurat and Degas Moves to south of France, Arles, and befriends Gauguin Bedroom at Arles, 1888

Van Gogh From the dark realities of his native Dutch heritage…. to the beauty and light of Southern France The Potato Eaters, 1885 Irises, 1888 Sunflowers, 1888

Van Gogh The Starry Night, 1889 painted a year before his death Wheatfield and Crows, 1890 The place of Van Gogh’s suicide

Paul Gauguin ( ) Left his middle class life as a stockbroker and father of 5 to devote himself to art Lived with Van Gogh in Arles Traveled to Tahiti to pursue spiritual purity, the “noble savage” Although missionaries had introduced the less than ideal aspects of Europe to the Tahitians, Gauguin chose to paint the spiritual and the pure Self-portrait, 1893 Van Gogh Painting Sunflowers, 1897 When Will You Marry?, 1892 Where Do We Come From? Where are We Going?, 1897 Painted after his daughter dies and he falls into a deep depression

Gauguin Replaces impressionistic brushstrokes with large, flat areas of saturated color Loosely woven canvas shows through paint, giving added texture Was fascinated by Tahitian women, whom he felt embodied dignity and wisdom Two Tahitians with Mango Blossoms, 1899 Symbolist and Post-impressionist Paint the essence of the object Day of the Gods, 1894 Tahitian god, Hina, in the center 3 figures represent birth, life and death pool is abstract collection of vibrant forms, suggesting that art should reflect and symbolize underlying essences, not surface realities

GauguInGauguIn Vision After the Sermon, 1888 Old testament story of Jacob wrestling with an angel, finally seeing the face of God Gauguin is watching with the crowd of the faithful, but is not separated by the intersecting tree branch The colors of the crowd are “earthbound black” but the inner vision space is intense, vivid, colorful

Henri de Toulouse Lautrec ( ) Son of a count with aristocratic lineage 1,000 years old Sickly as a child; broke left leg at 12 and right leg at 14 that did not mend; as an adult, was 4 ½’ tall Loved Parisian night life, brothels and bars; died an alcoholic Known for his fluid line and balanced composition At the Moulin Rouge, 1892

Lautrec Showed bohemian life as it was, sometimes showy, sometimes seamy, sometimes without glamour The Bed, 1901 Jane Avril, 1899 Two prostitutes, 1894

Paul Cezanne ( ) Still Life with Apples, 1890 Still Life with Plaster Cupid, 1895 Self Portrait, 1875 Cranky, self-absorbed and short-fused Mme Cezanne in a Striped Skirt, 1877 Hortense Fiquet, Cezanne’s counter-muse

Cezanne The father of modernism and cubism Concerned with form, not content Broke up images into their most essential parts Mount St. Victoire "Everything in nature takes its form from the sphere, the cone, and the cylinder.”