Deductive  Traditional  Rule-driven  Top-down  Usually the grammar rules are explained in a mini-lecture format. Students are allowed to practice the structure after they have been given the rule. Inductive  Modern  Rule-discovery  Bottom up  The teacher gives the students the structure in context and then the students try to form their own explanation of the rule. It is ELICITED from the students. This is a type of guided discovery.

Deductive  General rule Specific examples Practice Inductive  Specific examples Practice General Rule

Deductive  good for Ss who are used to more traditional style  more direct  good for higher levels  saves time  better for older students Inductive  student centered  more interesting for students  learn it better  learn in context  Ss involved in own learning  better for lower levels  More participation

Deductive  teacher centered  not good for younger learners  boring  Ss are passive  could be memorized Inductive  can waste time if done improperly  older Ss are not used to it

 Passive Voice Uses

 __________built the Pyramids.

 ______________carved this estilo.

 ___________________made this.

 ___________ wove this.

 Some Mayans built Tikal.

 Some French people built the Statue of Liberty.

 Who built the pyramids?  Who built this?  Who wove the fabric?  The pyramids or the people who built it?  The Statue of Liberty or the people who built it?  Tikal or the people who built it?  So, what are 2 reasons to use passive voice?

 1. When we don’t know the subject.  2. When the object is more important than the subject.