Water Pollution & Treatment Science 8 Chapter 2C NCSCOS 3.07

Warm-Up: copy each sentence with the correct response. 1. The 3 classes of indicators are ____, biological, and chemical. 2. Nitrates from fertilizers found in a water supply are _________. 3. The dirtiness or cloudiness of water is ______. 4. pH is a method of measuring the _____ of water. 5. An living organism that is used to evaluate water health is a _______. 6. ______ can form in turbid water or in the presence of nitrates. 7. A _____ is an area of land that shares the same water.  Bio- indicator  Physical  Watershed  Algal Blooms  Chemical indicators  Acidity  Turbidity

What is Pollution? A pollutant is any substance or form of energy that can cause harm to the environment and make it unfit for organisms. Two types of water pollution: 1. Point Source 2. Non-Point Source

Water Pollution Sources  Point Source- you know the one source of pollution; it is identified; easier to detect and control  Non-point Source- comes from many sources that can not be easily identified; harder to control

Point-Source examples: Pipe from Sewage Plant Pipe from Industrial Factory

Point-Source examples:

Oil Tanker Spill

Non-Point Source examples: RUNOFF!!! Water comes from across a large, more diffuse area of land From…farms, lawns, parking lots, streets, construction sites, acid rain from air pollution, etc.

Non-Point Source examples:

Biomagnification/Bioaccumulation Pollution gets into smaller organisms Amount builds up as it gets passed up food chain Chemicals could end up in food eaten by humans

North Carolina Pollution Sedimentation – increases turbidity ◦ Erosion ◦ Development ◦ Agriculture – tilling soil, irrigation, livestock Nutrient Pollution – increases Nitrate & Phosphate levels in water  Algae  Low Oxygen Fertilizers run off in storm water Fecal Coliform Bacteria from animal feces

Water Treatment Sewage Treatment Plants ◦ Process raw waste & get water ready to enter back into rivers ◦ 1.) Sludge separated, chlorine used to kill harmful bacteria ◦ 2.) Oxygen & sludge-eating bacteria used Septic Systems ◦ Small wastewater system used by home or business in rural area ◦ Sludge consumed by bacteria ◦ Cleaner water exits & spreads into ground

Septic System

Water Treatment Drinking Water Treatment Plants: 1. Water piped in from river or lake 2. Flows through mixers, clumping agents & chemical disinfectants added 3. Clarifying pool separates large particles 4. Filters separate tiny particles of dust & dirt 5. Chlorine used to kill bacteria 6. Clean water goes to water storage tank

EPA The Environmental Protection Agency sets and enforces water quality standards for wastewater, pollution & drinking water. Focuses on protection of surface freshwater resources

What can we do to help?! Pick up pet waste Pick up litter Plant vegetation Dispose of chemicals & wastewater appropriately Reduce amount of water used