RFID Pressure Sensor System for Hospital Mattresses to Prevent Infections and Bedsores Bikram Virk Sujoy Sanyal Ryan Eiswerth Wasif Khawaja Mushfiq Saleheen Dr. Koblasz, ECE4884 L05 April 22, 2008

Develop an inexpensive hospital bed mattress that can reduce the risk of bedsores and spread of Nosocomial infections. Cost of prototype – $1,290 ($1,300 less than predicted) OVERVIEW 1/21

2/21 Bedsores Definition: Unrelieved pressure to part of body for extended period of time, cutting off oxygen and blood flow Statistics: - 60,000 deaths/years in America - 1 million patients/year in America - 2/3 of bedsores occur in people over 70 years old Costs – over $1 billion/year Life-Threatening

Life-Threatening - All Hospitalized Patients at Risk Definition: Hospital-Acquired Infections caused by bacteria, viruses, etc. Includes Staph Infections Statistics: - more than 2 million cases/year in America - 17,500 – 70,000 deaths/year in America Causes: - Sloppy hygiene: 36% preventable (CDC report) - Aging hospitals: old mattresses Costs - $4.5 - $5.7 billion/year Nosocomial Infections 3/21

Main Components of Project 4/21

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Movement Monitoring System 6/21 Interface Kit 8/8/8 Voltage Divider Trossen Robotics 24” Force Sensing Resistor

WARNING: PLEASE MOVE TIMER: 30 Min 7/21

WARNING: EGRESS DETECTED 8/21

Monitor patient contact System: - Operating Frequency: 13.56MHz - Target Range: 24” with 1 Watt reader - Tags worn on wrist RFID 9/21

RFID System 10/21

Identification Process 11/21

WARNING: DR. SMITH PLEASE STAND BACK 12/21

Multiplexer Design Relays Antennas 13/21

Total Care SpO2RT Hospital Bed $28,500 Secure II Med/Surg Hospital Bed $10,000 Competing Products 14/21

ProductQuantityUnit Price Price Movement Detection System Trossen Robotics 24 ” FSR 4$24$80 HP Pavillion Slimline s7700e PC 1$400 Cables1$10 RFID System TI-FEIG RFID Reader [10]1$350 Copper Plating25 ft.$20$100 Antenna Board1 pair$100 PIC Kit II Microprocessor1$250 Total Equipment Cost$1,290 15/21

Selling Point 16/21 No need to buy new beds Installed as add-on to existing beds Money saved

Current Status SpecificationProposedActual RFID Reader - Operating Frequency MHz - Current DrawMax. 0.5 A - Detectable Range2 ft (24 in.) ft. (18-21 in.) Multiplexer - Power SupplyNot Proposed 3.3 V Trossen Robotics 24 ” FSR - Force Sensitivity Range 10 kg - Pressure Sensor Range 150 psi - Sensitivity to Vibration Not Significantly Affected Allowed Patient Rest Time30 minutes10 seconds* Senor Time MonitoringEvery minute Every second* 17/21

Obstacle: Proximity to Metal 18/21

Alternative Solutions Dynasys MHz Antenna 2 foot range De-Q feature $400 19/21

For Future Groups… 20/21 Buy Professionally made antennas Bedside Falls

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RFID Pressure Sensor System for Hospital Mattresses to Prevent Infections and Bedsores Bikram Virk Sujoy Sanyal Ryan Eiswerth Wasif Khawaja Mushfiq Saleheen

Proximity to Metals Difficult to find Matching Network

Nearby PC monitors PROXIMITY WITH METALS Altered performance of the RFID system can be expected when metals are in close proximity of the radiation field. Proximity to metals effectively lowers the antenna's inductance. Lower inductance causes an increase in resonant frequency and also a reduction in "Q". Designers may consider starting with a higher-than-needed "Q" "in the lab" to start with, expecting it to be lowered when it is installed in its intended location. External capacitance may be required to tune the modified antenna system back to resonance. These types of situations can be experienced around conveyor belt structures and also embedding antenna loops on concrete driveways where metal re-bar absorbs some of the radiated energy.

Project Schedule Acquire Parts2/11/08 Construct Antennas3/17/08 Movement Detection3/19/08 Implement Comp. Interface4/1/08 Implement the Full System4/22/08 14/21

Bring in computer to show pressure sensors

Antenna Designs Obstacles 18/21

Our Design 19/21

WARNING: EGRESS DETECTED

Desired and Actual Specifications Table 1. Technical Design Specifications SpecificationProposedActual RFID Reader - Transmitting Power1W ± 2 dB - Operating Frequency MHz - Current DrawMax. 0.5 A Head-Section Antenna Dimensions 17 ” x 30 ” - Detectable Range2 ft (24 in.) ft. (18-21 in.) Mid-Section Antenna Dimensions 9 ” x 30 ” - Detectable Range2 ft (24 in.) Foot-Section Antenna Dimensions 15 ” x 30 ” - Detectable Range2 ft (24 in.) Multiplexer - Power SupplyNot Proposed Trossen Robotics 24 ” FSR - Force Sensitivity Range 10 kg - Pressure Sensor Range 150 psi - Sensitivity to Vibration Not Significantly Affected Allowed Patient Rest Time (No motion) 30 minutes10 seconds* Pressure Senor Time MonitoringEvery minute Every second*

Trossen Robotics FSR How it works

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In your final oral report, you should describe similar patented and commercially available devices Explain details about your design and let us know why your design is better