The Circulatory and Respiratory Systems By Sanaa Ahmed

Summary of Lesson

Main Idea Respiratory System Circulatory System Brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide. Circulatory System Carries oxygen to the cells and carries away carbon dioxide.

Respiratory System Includes the lungs and the airways that lead to the mouth and nose You could not live for a very long time without breathing in and breathing out Every breath you take your body takes in oxygen and lets out carbon-dioxide

How does it Work? Air moves into a sturdy tube called the trachea Trachea divides into two main tubes called bronchi In the lungs the bronchi separates into smaller and smaller tubes that lead into sacs called alveoli When air is inhaled, you take oxygen into your nose or mouth. The air moves into a sturdy tube called the trachea The trachea divides into two main tubes called bronchi. In the lungs the bronchi separates into smaller and smaller tubes called alveoli. The lungs contain millions of alveoli. Each of these tiny structures border a capillary, which is a thin tube that contains blood. Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood. At the same time, carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood to the alveoli. The lungs contain millions of alveoli; each of these structures border a capillary. Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood. At the same time, carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood to the alveoli. Carbon dioxide is a waste product from cells. when you exhale, your body releases carbon dioxide into the air.

How does it Work? (continued..) Lungs contain millions of alveoli Alveoli border a capillary, which is a thin tube that contains blood Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood Carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood to the alveoli Carbon dioxide is a waste product from cells. When you exhale, your body releases carbon dioxide into the air When air is inhaled, you take oxygen into your nose or mouth. The air moves into a sturdy tube called the trachea The trachea divides into two main tubes called bronchi. In the lungs the bronchi separates into smaller and smaller tubes called alveoli. The lungs contain millions of alveoli. Each of these tiny structures border a capillary, which is a thin tube that contains blood. Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood. At the same time, carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood to the alveoli. Carbon dioxide is a waste product from cells. when you exhale, your body releases carbon dioxide into the air.

Other Respiratory Systems Fish Water goes in through mouth and oxygen is absorbed Water goes out through fishes gills Worms Don’t have lungs Breathe by diffusing air through skin Oxygen passes in while carbon dioxide passes out Birds Have lungs and air sacs Requires two respiration cycles When air is inhaled, you take oxygen into your nose or mouth. The air moves into a sturdy tube called the trachea The trachea divides into two main tubes called bronchi. In the lungs the bronchi separates into smaller and smaller tubes called alveoli. The lungs contain millions of alveoli. Each of these tiny structures border a capillary, which is a thin tube that contains blood. Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood. At the same time, carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood to the alveoli. Carbon dioxide is a waste product from cells. when you exhale, your body releases carbon dioxide into the air.

The Circulatory System Consists of blood vessels that connect the organs and major tissues throughout the body Center of the Circulatory System is a muscular organ called the heart The heart pumps blood to the network of blood vessels in your body

How does it work? Blood picks up oxygen in the lungs, and travels to the heart, then through the arteries to the other parts of the body. Artery is a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. Arteries are red.

How does it work? (con.) Arteries branch into the thinner and thinner blood vessels, and eventually branch into thin vessels called capillaries Capillaries lead into veins. A vein is a blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart. Veins are blue.

The Heart The heart pumps blood through the network of blood vessels; the veins and the arteries The human heart is divided into four chambers Two upper chambers are the atria and the two lower chambers are the ventricles

Other Circulatory Systems Frog Heart has three chambers: one ventricle and two atria Deoxygenated blood in right atrium enters the ventricle Oxygenated blood in the left atrium enters the ventricle Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood mix in the ventricle Ventricle is designed to reduce this mixing somewhat

Other Circulatory Systems Frog Heart has three chambers: one ventricle and two atria Deoxygenated blood in right atrium enters the ventricle Oxygenated blood in the left atrium enters the ventricle Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood mix in the ventricle Ventricle is designed to reduce this mixing somewhat

Other Circulatory Systems (con.) Fish Have a two-chambered heart that has only a single atrium and a single ventricle Gill Circulation - The atrium collects blood that has returned from the body, while the ventricle pumps the blood to the gills and the blood is re-oxygenated Systemic Circulation - The blood then continues through the rest of the body before arriving back at the atrium

Beyond the Book

Respiratory System Diseases Bronchitis An inflammation of the lining of bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from lungs Symptoms Cough, which may produce clear, yellow or green mucus Wheezing, low fever, chest tightness or pain Shortness of breath (in severe cases)

Respiratory System Diseases (con.) Treatment Most cases of acute bronchitis resolve without medical treatment in two weeks In some circumstances, your doctor may prescribe medications like antibiotics or cough medicine.

Circulatory System Diseases Hypertension(High Blood Pressure) Common condition in which the force of the blood against artery walls is high enough that it may eventually cause health problems, such as heart disease Blood pressure is determined by the amount of blood heart pumps and the amount of resistance to blood flow in arteries The more blood heart pumps and the narrower arteries, the higher your blood pressure

Circulatory System Diseases (con.) Symptoms Severe headache Fatigue or confusion Chest pain Difficulty breathing Irregular heartbeat Treatment Treating high blood pressure can take a multi-pronged approach including diet changes, medication, and exercise.

Pop Quiz What is an artery? A blood vessel that carries blood towards the Heart A blood vessel that carries blood away from the Heart A blood vessel that carries cells toward the heart A Blood vessel that carries cells away from the Heart What is an example of a Circulatory System disease? Hypertension Severe headache Bronchitis Vision problems