Water for 2060— Oklahoma Planning Perspective February 20, 2015 JULIE CUNNINGHAM, CHIEF Planning & Management Division Oklahoma Water Resources Board OML Water/Environment Summit

Meeting Oklahoma’s current and future water supply challenges…  Competing water interests  Economic development  Population growth  Future water needs  Fish & recreation needs  Water and wastewater infrastructure costs  Vulnerability to long-term drought/flooding

Oklahoma’s Water Resources 34 major reservoirs store 13 million acre-feet of water 4,300 public/private & watershed protection lakes Lake Eufaula: Oklahoma’s largest lake in surface area (105,000 acres) Lake Eufaula: Oklahoma’s largest lake in surface area (105,000 acres) Lake Texoma: Oklahoma’s largest lake in storage (2.6 million acre-feet) Lake Texoma: Oklahoma’s largest lake in storage (2.6 million acre-feet)

Oklahoma’s Water Resources 23 major groundwater aquifers store 320 million acre-feet of water Ogallala Aquifer: state’s largest GW basin # high capacity wells = 3,200 irrigated land = 206,000 acres 86.6 million acre-feet in storage (enough to cover the entire state 2 ft deep) Ogallala Aquifer: state’s largest GW basin # high capacity wells = 3,200 irrigated land = 206,000 acres 86.6 million acre-feet in storage (enough to cover the entire state 2 ft deep)

Oklahoma’s Precipitation History Water Security = Hove plans in place for drought times and be ready to take advantage of times of plenty!

2012 Update of the Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Submitted to Governor and Legislature in 2012 Most technically sound, extensively vetted Plan Executive Report & 13 Watershed Planning Region Reports Overriding goal to provide safe, reliable water supplies to meet needs of all Oklahomans.

Other Demands: Thermoelectric Power - 450,227 AF (18%)Oil & Gas - 115,570 AF (5%)Livestock - 101,040 AF (4%) Self-Supplied Industrial - 54,334 AF (2%)Self-Supplied Residential - 41,155 AF (2%) Other Demands: Thermoelectric Power - 450,227 AF (18%)Oil & Gas - 115,570 AF (5%)Livestock - 101,040 AF (4%) Self-Supplied Industrial - 54,334 AF (2%)Self-Supplied Residential - 41,155 AF (2%) 2012 Update of the OCWP Assess Demands

2060 Regional Demands 10

2012 Update of the OCWP Assess Supplies

Physical Supply Availability— 2060 Surface Water Gaps

Innovative Solutions Water for 2060 The way to water security: Just like retirement savings, there are ways to increase the size of our water “nest egg” to stretch fresh water reserves in time of drought and increase future reliability: 1.Spend less — conservation, efficiency, etc. 2.Make more — tap into unconventional sources using marginal quality waters, water reuse, addl. Storage, regionalization, others 3.Diversify your portfolio— multiple water sources

2012 Update of the OCWP OCWP Studies— Potential Options Generally more statewide in perspective 1.Artificial Recharge 2.Reservoir Viability 3.Marginal Quality Water 4.Conservation- Efficiency and Reuse

Innovative Solutions Potential Artificial Aquifer Recharge Sites

Innovative Solutions Potential New Reservoir Viability Extensive literature search Assigned reservoir viability criteria Created site information database and mapped most viable sites Identify cost drivers Screened envt., cultural, endangered species issues Updated costs estimates Assessment of viability

Marginal Quality Water Use SOURCESSOURCES Stormwater runoff Stormwater runoff Oil & gas flowback/ produced water Oil & gas flowback/ produced water Brackish water Brackish water Treated wastewater Treated wastewater Other lower-quality sources Other lower-quality sources Stormwater runoff Stormwater runoff Oil & gas flowback/ produced water Oil & gas flowback/ produced water Brackish water Brackish water Treated wastewater Treated wastewater Other lower-quality sources Other lower-quality sources POTENTIAL USES M&I – potable M&I – potable M&I – nonpotable M&I – nonpotable Self-supplied residential Self-supplied residential Self-supplied industrial Self-supplied industrial Thermoelectric power Thermoelectric power Oil & gas Oil & gas Crop irrigation Crop irrigation Livestock watering Livestock watering M&I – potable M&I – potable M&I – nonpotable M&I – nonpotable Self-supplied residential Self-supplied residential Self-supplied industrial Self-supplied industrial Thermoelectric power Thermoelectric power Oil & gas Oil & gas Crop irrigation Crop irrigation Livestock watering Livestock watering

Basins with Greatest Potential to Offset Fresh Water Use with MQ Water Innovative Solutions Marginal Quality Water

Oklahoma has ~700 water systems serving less than 1,000 customers Economy of scale benefits; systems with multiple sources more resistant to drought DWSRF can fund 100% principal forgiveness Oklahoma Water Systems Innovative Solutions Regionalization Options

OCWP - “Big 8” Priority Recommendations Conservation, Reuse, Recycling Infrastructure Financing Monitoring Supply Reliability Fish & Recreation Flows Excess/Surplus State/Tribal Resolution Regional Planning

OCWP Water Conservation Study The OCWP analyzed two general levels of conservation for each of the two major demand sectors: 1.Moderate 2.Substantial “What if” Scenarios - M&I: Passive (Energy Policy Act) vs. high- efficiency plumbing codes/fixtures Metering: 90% vs. all systems System leakage and losses reduction Conservation pricing levels Standard educational programs vs. school curriculum “What if” Scenarios - Irrigation: Increase irrigation system efficiency Shift to less water-intensive crops

Can We Do It? M&I and Agriculture Statewide Demand Projections & Water Savings for Conservation Scenarios (AFY) Baseline1,377,3181,455,3091,523,2731,587,4061,642,0691,711,392 ModerateN/A1,301,8161,332,7811,388,6031,435,8071,496,643 SubstantialN/A1,155,3971,170,2481,209,3721,244,1231,295,569 OCWP Conservation Analysis Consuming no more fresh water in 2060 than we consume today… is achievable Passive vs. high-efficiency plumbing codes/fixtures, metering, distribution system leakage/losses reduction, conservation pricing levels, general outreach programs vs. school curriculum

Identify innovative solutions to forecasted water shortages – Voluntary programs/policies, financial incentives, and education. Identify innovative solutions to forecasted water shortages – Voluntary programs/policies, financial incentives, and education. Water for 2060 Act sets statewide goal of consuming no more fresh water in 2060 than we consumed in 2010 Water for 2060 Act sets statewide goal of consuming no more fresh water in 2060 than we consumed in 2010 Advisory Council will make recommendations to Governor and Legislature in late 2015 Advisory Council will make recommendations to Governor and Legislature in late Update of the OCWP Conserve/Reuse/Recycle OCWP Priority

Drought drives shortages Conservation helps us prepare for drought and reduce impacts Drought drives shortages Conservation helps us prepare for drought and reduce impacts Water for 2060 Signals a “Sea Change” in Oklahoma Water Management Conservation & Efficiency Drought Management Every day, every year “way of life” Actions we take in response to reduced supplies

Water for 2060 Advisory Council Members: J.D. Strong, Chairman Jim Bachmann (Tulsa) Lauren Brookey (Tulsa) Tom Buchanan (Altus) Bob Drake (Davis) Danny Galloway (Stillwater) Roger Griffin (Broken Bow) Charlette Hearne (Broken Bow) Mark Helm (OKC) Nathan Kuhnert (OKC) Phil Richardson (Minco) Kevin Smith (Enid) Trent Smith (Choctaw) Joe Taron (Shawnee) Jerry Wiebe (Hooker)

Water for 2060 ACT Advisory Council Tasks incentives – Recommend incentives for water use efficiency measures and programs education – Recommend education programs that modify and improve water consumption practices leak detection & repair programs – Enhance existing or develop new financial assistance programs for leak detection & repair programs

Water for 2060 Promising Conservation Measures Leak detection and loss prevention (incl. metering) High efficiency plumbing codes Smart irrigation Public education Conservation-oriented water pricing Financial assistance incentives Water recycling/reuse systems- Incl. grey water Water use audits

CityProblemExamples of ApproachGoal/Results Alburquerque, NM Dry climate and > population growth Conservation rates, education, high-efficiency plumbing, landscaping & large-use programs Decreased peak demand by 14% Cary, NC Dry, hot summers and > population growth Conservation rates, education, landscape & irrigation codes, toilet flapper rebates, residential audits, other Reduce retail water production by 4.6 mgd by end of 2028 (16% savings) Goleta, CA Dry climate and > population growth Plumbing retrofits such as high- efficiency toilets & showerheads & increased rates Decreased use by 30%; delayed WW treatment plant expansion Irvine Ranch Water District, CA Drought and > population growth New rate structure Water use declined by 19% after 1 st year Seattle, WADry summers and > population growth Seasonal rate structure, plumbing codes, leak reduction Per-capita consumption dropped by 20% EPA Case Studies in Water Conservation Source: EPA Cases in Water Conservation 2002

Drought management plans (with specific tier triggers for water restrictions, including banning all outdoor water use) (e,g OKC, Duncan, and many others) Emergency water supply plans (e.g., Palo Alto, CA, Central Lake County, IL) Enforcement of water use restrictions- Inspectors and Penalties (e.g. OKC) Drought surcharge on water bills (eg., Pleasanton, CA, Santa Monica, CA) Aggressive public education and outreach (e.g. statewide) New or existing emergency interconnects with neighboring water providers (multiple examples across OK and the west) New wells or water supplies to augment existing supplies, or aggressively pursuing alternate supplies (e.g., Mountain Park MCD, OK) New or expanded non-potable water reuse (e.g., Guymon, OK, and numerous other examples across the west) Potable water reuse (e.g., Norman, OK, Aurora, CO, Wichita Falls, TX, Big Spring, TX, Cloudcroft, NM, San Diego, CA) Praying (global) Other Examples of Water Conservation

Online Resources Water For 2060

Water for 2060 Hot Spot Pilot Studies OWRB and Corps of Engineers analyzing potential roles and effectiveness at a local level – Marginal quality water use- El Reno, Watonga, COWRA – Regionalization of public supply systems – Several municipal and rural water partners. – Water conservation- Duncan, Comanche, Stevens #3 Will serve as demonstration projects for water efficiency statewide Hot Spots: OCWP Planning Basins projected to experience the most significant water supply issues by 2060 (shortages, permit availability, and water quality).

Innovative Solutions Water for 2060 Drought Grants FY 2014 supplemental appropriation of $1.5 million for drought grants Gov. Fallin announced availability on Sep. 11 th Focus on responsible use of water Promote greater water efficiency AND drought resiliency

Innovative Solutions Legislative Impact - SB 1187 Encouraged new rules for reuse & other conservation projects Rulemaking process underway Several communities focused on conservation through new practices

Create your long-term Plan! including financing Start using less Today! Implement immediate solutions to preserve existing supply- e.g. use ordinances, back-up supply contracts, conservation rate structures, maintain storage. Don’t forget your Water Rights! Obtain and maintain water rights, construct storage, submit annual use report, avoid stream water right forfeiture Diversify your Water Portfolio! Reuse or new sources Getting to 2060 Starts and Ends with Local Planning!

Online Resources Water For 2060

Online Resources Drought Monitoring

Julie Cunningham, Division Chief Planning & Management Division Oklahoma Water Resources Board Questions? 37