ENLACE ENERGÍA DISTANCIA INTERNUCLEAR ENLACE: 74 pm.

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ENLACE ENERGÍA DISTANCIA INTERNUCLEAR ENLACE: 74 pm

Orbital sp 3 4 orbitales sp 3 Hibridización HIBRIDACIÓN (o HIBRIDIZACIÓN) sp 3

EJEMPLO CARBONO hibridizado sp 3 4 orbitales s METANO

Ejemplos sp 3 CH 4 NH 3 H 2 O

3 orbitales sp 2 Orbital sp 2 Átomo hibridizado sp 2 Hibridización HIBRIDACIÓN sp 2

Enlace pi Enlace sigma

enlace pi enlace sigma ETENO (CH 2 =CH 2 )

2 Orbitales sp Atómo sp Hibridización HIBRIDACIÓN sp

ACETILENO (HCCH) enlace pi enlace sigma

TEORÍA DE ORBITALES MOLECULARES

ADICION SUSTRACCIÓN NODO ANTIENLAZANTE ENLAZANTE ORBITALES S

MOLECULA H 2 ENERGÍA OM σ* ANTIENLAZANTE OM σ ENLAZANTE OA 1s (ATOMO 1) OA 1s (ATOMO 2)

H2-H2- H 2 2-, He 2

ORBITALES P NODO

SEGUNDO PERÍODO ENERGÍA Z < 8 (C 2, N 2, etc) O 2 y F 2 ANTIENLAZANTES ENLAZANTES ANTIENLAZANTES ENLAZANTES

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