1. Name this muscle 2. List 3 actions of the muscle in #1 (be specific) 3. Name this muscle 4. Meg tore her semitendinosus muscle. What movement will.

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1. Name this muscle 2. List 3 actions of the muscle in #1 (be specific) 3. Name this muscle 4. Meg tore her semitendinosus muscle. What movement will be painful? 5. List one muscle that flexes the knee.

Nervous tissue nervous system overview NS organization terminology anatomy of a neuron neuroglial cells myelin sheath synapse anatomy

What type of sensory information are you integrating right now (at least 3)?

An overview of the nervous system

PNS CNS Sensory Motor VisceralSomatic SympatheticParasympathetic CNS = brain and SC PNS = everything else Nervous system divisions

1 3 2 Peripheral NS Central NS Muscles 1 = sensory (afferent) neuron 2 = interneuron (CNS) 3 = motor (efferent) neuron Somatic NS

1 3 2 Visceral NS 1 = sensory neuron 2 = interneuron (CNS) 3 = motor neuron Peripheral NSCentral NS

Nucleus Axons or Dendrites Cell body Neuroglial cells Nervous system = neurons and glia

Typical neuron dendrites Axon hillock axon Myelin sheath Terminal Arborizations with synaptic knobs

A typical multipolar neuron

Blue = axon Multipolar Neurons bipolar Unipolar or pseudounipolar

Neuroglia CNS –Astrocytes –Microglia –Oligodendrocytes –Ependymal PNS –Schwann –Satellite cell

Neuroglia can undergo mitosis (for better or worse) gliomas (ependymoma, astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma)

Formation of the myelin sheath - PNS Schwann cell neurilemma Myelin sheath

Fig. 13.7a(TE Art) Oligodendrocyte Nerve fiber Myelin Myelin sheath in the CNS

CNS PNS oligodendrocyte Schwann cell Schwann cell helps cut nerve fibers grow back to target Oligodendrocyte does not Nerve regeneration in PNS not CNS

axons S

Multiple sclerosis myelin sheath in CNS deteriorates replaced by scar tissue

Postsynaptic neuron Synaptic vesicles Synaptic cleft Neurotransmitter receptor Presynaptic neuron Synapses

Neurotransmitters Excitatory - acetylcholine (muscles) - norepinephrine (ANS) - glutamate (brain) - aspartate (spinal cord) Inhibitory –GABA (brain) –Glycine (spinal cord)