Contemporary Elite Theorist C. Wright Mills (1950s) Elite rule is not inevitable Elite gain power not from personal quality but from occupying the ‘command.

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Contemporary Elite Theorist C. Wright Mills (1950s) Elite rule is not inevitable Elite gain power not from personal quality but from occupying the ‘command posts’ in significant institutions Significant institutions : corporations, military, federal government (US) Power elite – involve elites from economic, military and political power Power elite

Elite unity and dominance Elite power shifted as ‘institutional landscape’ shifted Unity strengthened by similarity of social background, interchange and overlapping Hence, share similar value and trust Dominance over politics and excluded Americans participation Elite self-recruitment – protect each other interests

Elite theories - questions What is the power basis of elite? Personal quality ‘Command posts’ Alliance with other elites Economic power ….. as the most important factor? Marxist perspective

High Consensus Shared interest Shared Power Conflict Low Over-ideal Pluralism Elitism Marxism

Marxism and Class Power is controlled by a minority in the society, and was used to further their power…..

Power and Class Class and means of production, economic resources as the determinant factor…. Bourgeoisie and Proletariat And … emerging middle class ….. mitigate or start a new form of class conflict Miliband - Instrumentalism, state controlled by the elites (with bourgeoisie background)

Different groups form … Interest group Formal organisation (society, association, chamber, union etc.) Political parties …. To fight for their own interest and dominate the political agenda …. and the state (the legitimate mean to gain authority)

Elite in Hong Kong – empirical evidence? Analysis of the background of the decision makers -- e.g. Executive CouncilExecutive Council Chinese - English - Check their business, occupation, status, education background, joint-venture, social gathering …. With policy cases as supporting evidence

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