Atomic Structure Nucleus – contains protons and neutrons

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Presentation transcript:

Atomic Structure Nucleus – contains protons and neutrons Neutron – particle with no charge Quarks – particles that make up protons and neutrons Electron Cloud – area where electrons are found Proton – positively charged particle

C 6 Carbon 12.0 Atomic Number Chemical Symbol Element Name Atomic Mass - the number of protons - usually the smallest number C Chemical Symbol Carbon Element Name 12.0 Atomic Mass - usually the largest number

Atomic Number – the number of protons in an individual atom examples: Hydrogen : 1 proton Oxygen : 8 protons Mass number – the total of protons and neutrons in an atom # of neutrons = mass number – atomic number Carbon-12 - 6 protons, 6 neutrons Oxygen-17 – 8 protons, 9 neutrons

Isotopes – atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons For example,

Atomic Mass – the weighted average of the masses of all the naturally occurring isotopes of an element amu – atomic mass unit – unit for atomic mass Each proton and neutron has a mass of approximately 1 amu example – Chlorine-35 makes up 76% of all chlorine in nature, and chlorine-37 makes up the other 24%: (35 x 0.76) = 26.60 (37 x 0.24) = 8.88 35.48 amu