Optimize Ethernet Communication using PRP and HSR Redundancy Protocols

HSR or PRP or a mix of? Single ring HSR is preferred to connect a small amount of IEDs* HSR is using single ring topology thus no need of additional switches Plug & Play It is not possible to connect a laptop to this network but using a Red Box The communication bandwidth used is “multiplied” thus the number of IEDs is limited* Double (or multiple) rings can not help as the bottleneck(s) would be in the rings interconnection (red/quad box) *: Around 20 for 100Mbit/s Ring A Ring B Optional RedBox

HSR or PRP or a mix of? PRP is preferred to connect a big amount of IEDs sharing the same application and with no need of either physical network or sub application segregation* It is possible to directly connect a laptop to this network Plug & Play The communication bandwidth used is “normal” thus the number of IEDs is “not limited” PRP is usually using star topology thus additional switches are needed *: during test for example PRP Network 1 Network 2 PRP Switch

HSR or PRP or a mix of? Mix of single rings HSR and PRP is preferred to connect a big amount of IEDs not sharing the same applications or with a need of either network or sub application segregation Plug & Play It is possible to directly connect a laptop to the PRP network and communicate with all the IEDs HSR Rings HSR is using ring topology thus no need of additional switches The amount of IED is small* thus no bandwidth issue PRP network The amount of IEDs is “not limited” The amount of switches is optimized HSR/PRP interconnections Made with 2 Red Boxes per connection *: Around 20 for 100Mbit/s

Optimised Network Topology HSR HSR Ring A Ring B Control RedBox RedBox Network 1 Switch

Optimised Network Topology HSR HSR Ring A Ring B PRP RedBox 1 RedBox 2 RedBox 3 RedBox 4 PRP Switch Network 1 PRP Switch Network 2

HSR or PRP or a mix of? Conclusion: There is no “fit for all” or “Best” solution For small amount of IEDs*: Single ring HSR is preferred For big amount of IEDs: If there is no need of either physical network or sub application segregation PRP is preferred If there is a need of either physical network or sub application segregation Mix of single rings HSR and PRP is preferred *: Around 20 for 100Mbit/s

Future Optimised Network Topology? 100 Mbit HSR 100 Mbit HSR Ring A Ring B 1Gbit HSR With Multicast filtering “Smart QuadBox 1 SQuadBox 2 “Smart“ QuadBox 4 “Smart” QuadBox 3

THANK YOU

IEC 62439 PRP & HSR (Parallel Redundancy Protocol & High-availability Seamless Redundancy)

PRP Parallel Redundancy Protocol

PRP (IEC 62439-3 Clause 4) Differences (with HSR) Allows Mixing single and double network attachment devices on the same LAN (not redundant and redundant devices) Thus connect laptops and workstations to the network with standard Ethernet adapters (not redundant devices) Uses off-the shelf components (network interfaces, controllers, switches…) HSR: Ethernet redundancy method DEPENDENT of the HSR Ethernet protocol DOES NOT Allow Mixing single and double network attachment devices on the same LAN (not redundant and redundant devices) Thus connect laptops and workstations to the network with standard Ethernet adapters must be done by RedBox Uses HSR components (network interfaces, controllers, switches…)

PRP Network Architecture PRP “A” frames PRP “B” frames standard frames source DANP DANP = Doubly Attached Node (PRP) SAN = Singly Attached Node switch switch Local Area Network A Local Area Network B switch switch switch switch SAN DANP DANP DANP DANP DANP SAN SAN destinations destinations Two Ethernet networks (LANs) , completely separated, operate in parallel. Each doubly attached node with PRP (=DANP) has an interface to each LAN. A DANP source sends a frame simultaneously on both LANs.attention A DANP destination receives in normal operation both frames and discards the duplicate. A singly attached destination only receives one. If a LAN fails, a DANP destination operates with the frames from the other LAN.

PRP Network Architecture PRP “A” frames PRP “B” frames standard frames source DANP DANP = Doubly Attached Node (PRP) SAN = Singly Attached Node switch switch Local Area Network A Local Area Network B switch switch switch switch SAN DANP DANP DANP DANP DANP SAN SAN destinations destinations Two Ethernet networks (LANs) , completely separated, operate in parallel. Each doubly attached node with PRP (=DANP) has an interface to each LAN. A DANP source sends a frame simultaneously on both LANs.attention A DANP destination receives in normal operation both frames and discards the duplicate. A singly attached destination only receives one. If a LAN fails, a DANP destination operates with the frames from the other LAN.

PRP Network Architecture PRP “A” frames PRP “B” frames standard frames source SAN = Singly Attached Node DANP DANP = Doubly Attached Node (PRP) = RedBox (SAN / PRP) switch switch Local Area Network A Local Area Network B switch switch switch switch SAN DANP DANP DANP DANP DANP SAN SAN destinations destinations Two Ethernet networks (LANs) , completely separated, operate in parallel. Each doubly attached node with PRP (=DANP) has an interface to each LAN. A DANP source sends a frame simultaneously on both LANs.attention A DANP destination receives in normal operation both frames and discards the duplicate. A singly attached destination only receives one. If a LAN fails, a DANP destination operates with the frames from the other LAN.

Px40 Network Topology example LAN B of any type LAN A of any type Px4x

Frame identification PRP HSR PRP “tag” is at the end of the frame in order to be interoperable with today’s (not PRP) switches HSR HSR “tag” is at the beginning of the frame in order to transmit further without delay

HSR High-availability Seamless Redundancy

HSR (IEC 62439-3 Clause 4) Differences with PRP DOES NOT Allow Mixing single and double network attachment devices on the same LAN (not redundant and redundant devices) Thus connect laptops and workstations to the network with standard Ethernet adapters must be done by RedBox Uses HSR components (network interfaces, controllers, switches…) PRP: Ethernet redundancy method independent of any Ethernet protocol Allows Mixing single and double network attachment devices on the same LAN (not redundant and redundant devices) Thus connect laptops and workstations to the network with standard Ethernet adapters (not redundant devices) Uses off-the shelf components (network interfaces, controllers, switches…)

HSR Network Architecture PRP “A” frames PRP “B” frames standard frames “An” Ethernet network Ring(s) connecting each doubly attached node with HSR (=DANH). A DANH source sends a frame simultaneously on both ports and blocks the sent messages. All DANH receive in normal operation both frames and instantaneously forwards them. A DANH destination receives in normal operation both frames, forwards them and discards the duplicate. A singly attached destination only receives one via a RedBox. If a link fails, a DANH destination operates with the frames from the other path.

HSR Network Architecture PRP “A” frames PRP “B” frames standard frames “An” Ethernet network Ring(s) connecting each doubly attached node with HSR (=DANH). A DANH source sends a frame simultaneously on both ports and blocks the sent messages. All DANH receive in normal operation both frames and instantaneously forwards them. A DANH destination receives in normal operation both frames, forwards them and discards the duplicate. A singly attached destination only receives one via a RedBox. If a link fails, a DANH destination operates with the frames from the other path.

Px40 Network Topology example Px4x

Frame identification PRP HSR PRP “tag” is at the end of the frame in order to be interoperable with today’s (not PRP) switches HSR HSR “tag” is at the beginning of the frame in order to transmit further without delay