CHAPTER 6 Networks

What Is a Computer Network? Computer at organizations do not work in isolation. In a computer network, connected computers: Work together Are interdependent Exchange data with each other © Ilin Sergey/Age Fotostock America, Inc.

Size of Computer Networks Home computer network National computer network Global computer network INTERNET

Types of Networks Local Area Network Wide Area Network

Network Fundamentals - Outline Analog and Digital Signals Communications Media and Channels Transmission Technologies Network Protocols Types of Network Processing

Analog and Digital Signals

Communications Media and Channels Twisted-pair wire Coaxial cable Fiber optics Sources: deepspacedave/Shutterst ock, GIPhotoStock/Photo Researchers, Inc, Philip Hatson/Photo Researchers

Transmission Technologies Digital subscriber line (DSL) Synchronous optical network (SONET) T-carrier system

How messages are sent: Network Protocols Most companies use Ethernet in their LAN Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

Message Transmission: Packet Switching

Internet and World Wide Web - Outline Organizational use (Intranet vs. Extranet) Intranet – internal to the organization Extranet – external and internal network Accessing the Internet The Future of the Internet The World Wide Web

Accessing the Internet Connecting via an online service ISP – Internet Service Provider NAP – Network Access Point Connection Methods: Dial-up DSL Cable Modem Fiber to the Home

Addresses on the Internet How do you get to a web address? Domain names www.business.auburn.edu Name of the specific computer: business Name of the organization: Auburn University Top level domain: edu

Web Traffic and Net Neutrality

The Future of the Internet http://www.akamai.com/html/technology/dataviz1.html http://www.internettrafficreport.com/

The World Wide Web World Wide Web Not the same thing as the Internet Uniform resource locator IPv4 vs. IPv6

Categories of Network Applications How do businesses use networks to improve their operations? Discovery Communication Collaboration E-Learning and Distance Learning Virtual Universities Telecommuting

Network Applications: Discovery Search engines Metasearch engines Browsers 2012 Internet Explorer Firefox Chrome Safari Opera August 16.2 % 32.8 % 43.7 % 4.0 % 2.2 % July 16.3 % 33.7 % 42.9 % 3.9 % 2.1 % June 16.7 % 34.4 % 41.7 % 4.1 % May 18.1 % 35.2 % 39.3 % 4.3 % April 18.3 % 35.8 % 38.3 % 4.5 % 2.3 % March 18.9 % 36.3 % 37.3 % 4.4 % February 19.5 % 36.6 % January 20.1 % 37.1 % 35.3 % 2.4 %

Network Applications: Communication Electronic mail (e-mail) Web-based call centers (customer call center) Electronic chat room Voice Unified (integration of different forms of communication) © Mario S Ragma Jr/Age Fotostock America, Inc.

Voice Communication Two examples of Internet telephony (VoIP) Skype Vonage

Network Applications: Collaboration Types of collaboration: Work group Virtual group (team) Virtual collaboration and Technologies: Collaboration software Electronic Teleconferencing E-Learning and Distance Learning

Telepresence Systems See video on Cisco Magic Source: PRNews Foto/Polycom, Inc./NewsCom See video on Cisco Magic

Network Applications: Telecommuting Benefits: For Employees Reduced stress, improved family life Employment opportunities for single parents and persons with disabilities For Employers Increased productivity Ability to retain skilled employees

Network Applications: Telecommuting Disadvantages: For Employees Feelings of isolation No workplace visibility Potential for slower promotions For Employers Difficulties in supervising work Potential information security problems Additional training costs

Questions Explain how the Internet works. Assume you are talking with someone who has no knowledge of information technology (in other words, keep it very simple). How are the network applications of communication and collaboration related? Do communication tools also support collaboration? Give examples.