Concepts and Definitions Who is a Tourist Tourism Statistics Tourism Satellite Account Domestic Tourism International Tourism Collection, Compilation and Reporting Methods Some Statistical Results Challenges Outline of Presentation

The South Africa I know, the home I understand Concepts and definitions Currently, most of the concepts and definitions used follow the United Nations Tourism Organisation’s (UNWTO) recommendations. Traveller is someone who moves between different geographical locations (e.g. countries) for any purpose and any duration Visitor refers to any person travelling to a place other than that of his/her usual environment for less than 12 months and whose main purpose of the trip is other than the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited Same-day visitor is a visitor who visits a place for less than one night. Overnight visitor (Tourist) is a visitor who stays at least one night in collective or private accommodation in the place visited. Tourism comprises the activities of persons travelling to, and staying in places outside their usual environment, for not more than one consecutive year, for leisure, business and other purposes. Trip - the arrival and departure of a foreign traveller in a specified month

The South Africa I know, the home I understand South African resident - either a South African citizen or a non-South African citizen with a South African permanent residence permit Foreign traveller - a traveller who is not a South African resident Country - the country of residence or nationality of the foreign traveller (based on which one is supplied by DHA) Region - Overseas and Africa Overseas sub-regions: Europe, North America, Central and South America, Australasia, the Middle East and Asia Africa (refers to all the countries in Africa - both mainland and island countries) sub- regions: SADC and ‘Other’ African SADC - the fourteen countries, excluding South Africa, that belong to the Southern African Development Community ‘Other’ African - all non-SADC countries in East and Central Africa; West Africa and North Africa Concepts and definitions

UNWTO Methodological Guidelines ( Prescribed) TSA  UNWTO Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended Methodological Framework. Adopted by the United Nations Statistical Commission  National Tourism Statistics: UNWTO International Recommendations on Tourism Statistics. Adopted by the United Nations Statistical Commission Provincial TSA/TEA  No International Guidelines. UNWTO recognises the importance of tourism information at a sub-regional level and work is being done on the development thereof  May 2015: UNWTO and INRouTe sent he provisional version of regional concepts and definitions document called “Subnational Tourism: Basic Glossary” to member countries for inputs/comments by September This document was distributed by Stats SA to all Provincial Tourism Authorities (through the NDT) for their direct inputs. Concepts and Definitions

Acquisition of data  Stats SA collects electronic data from DHA two months after the end of the index month.  Data sets are received in Text file format  Contents: arrival and departure of all travellers  A very crucial characteristic of these travellers data is that though the counts refer to individual persons, statistically the counts are movements of these individuals in a given reference period. Hence the multiple movements of an individual are counted separately The South Africa I know, the home I understand  Data collection: electronic – scanning of travel documents and capturing of information directly unto the port’s database  A very crucial characteristic of these border statistics is that though the counts refer to individual persons, statistically the counts are movements of these individuals in a given reference period. Hence the multiple movements of an individual are counted separately  Data are transmitted from the ports onto the DHA’s Movement Control System (MCS)  Data collection: electronic – scanning of travel documents and capturing of information directly unto the port’s database  A very crucial characteristic of these border statistics is that though the counts refer to individual persons, statistically the counts are movements of these individuals in a given reference period. Hence the multiple movements of an individual are counted separately  Data are transmitted from the ports onto the DHA’s Movement Control System (MCS)

Sample Nearly Dwelling Units (DUs) Divided into four quarters Within a quarter: sampled DUs are further separated by months for data collection purposes. Data collection Recall period: Three months Interviews collected on a continuous basis Survey period for DTS 2013: February 2013 to March 2014 Methodology: Statistics South Africa

Processing  Software: Excel and SAS packages are used  Editing: check dates – for the correct year, month and day (1 to 28/29/30/31) check data coverage for each port and each day of the month check and remove duplicates do data confrontation exercise with international passengers data recorded by ACSA The South Africa I know, the home I understand  Data collection: electronic – scanning of travel documents and capturing of information directly unto the port’s database  A very crucial characteristic of these border statistics is that though the counts refer to individual persons, statistically the counts are movements of these individuals in a given reference period. Hence the multiple movements of an individual are counted separately  Data are transmitted from the ports onto the DHA’s Movement Control System (MCS)  Data collection: electronic – scanning of travel documents and capturing of information directly unto the port’s database  A very crucial characteristic of these border statistics is that though the counts refer to individual persons, statistically the counts are movements of these individuals in a given reference period. Hence the multiple movements of an individual are counted separately  Data are transmitted from the ports onto the DHA’s Movement Control System (MCS)

Data analysis Two main files are created: South African travellers: arrival, departure, port of entry and mode of travel Foreign travellers Foreign travellers’ data on purpose of travel and dates of arrival and departure are used to derive tourist statistics Purpose of travel are used to categorise foreign arrivals into non-visitors and visitors Data on date of arrival and date of departure are used to group visitors into same-day and overnight visitors [tourists]

Tourism Satellite Account tables

What does a Tourism Satellite Account do? Allow for valid comparisons with other industries and eventually from country to country and between groups of countries Statistical instrument used to measure the size of the tourism industry’s contribution to the economy according to international standards TSA is based on the general relationship existing between the demand of goods and services generated by tourism on the one hand and their supply on the other hand

 Supply and Use Framework core of the TSA  Compiled using both demand side (household or person surveys) and supply side data (industry surveys)  Table 1 to 4 of the TSA – demand side data: 1.SARB Tourism Balance of Payments 2.SAT departure survey 3.SAT DTS 4.Stats SA DTS 5.Stats SA Use table from National Accounts  Table 5 – supply side data: 1.Stats SA Supply and Use table from the National Accounts 2.Stats SA Annual Financial Statistics 3.Stats SA Survey of Tourist Accommodation 4.Stats SA survey of Food and Beverages 5.Large sample surveys  Table 6 – internal visitor demand and domestic tourism sector supply is confronted in a coherent framework. Tourism direct contribution to VA and GDP How is the TSA compiled?

The 2 biggest current constraints to the compilation of provincial TSA/TEA: Concepts and Definitions Data availability at lower level than national TSA concept: the country of residence Lived in RSA for at least one year Intend to live in RSA for at least one year Regional concept Country of residence now becomes province of reference Regional TSA/TEA

The South African Tourism conducted the Domestic Tourism Survey in Data on domestic tourism was collected through the 2003 General Household Survey. This survey did not allow the collection of detailed information with regards the domestic tourism. The Domestic Tourism Survey was introduced in In 2010, it was agreed that the two surveys should be aligned and integrated so that one survey be conducted by Stats SA. A Task Team, comprising of National Department of Tourism, Stats SA and SAT was established to guide the alignment and integration of the collection of domestic tourism statistics. Domestic Tourism Survey - Background

TSA  UNWTO Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended Methodological Framework. Adopted by the United Nations Statistical Commission  National Tourism Statistics: UNWTO International Recommendations on Tourism Statistics. Adopted by the United Nations Statistical Commission Provincial TSA/TEA  No International Guidelines. UNWTO recognises the importance of tourism information at a sub-regional level and work is being done on the development thereof  May 2015: UNWTO and INRouTe sent he provisional version of regional concepts and definitions document called “Subnational Tourism: Basic Glossary” to member countries for inputs/comments by September This document was distributed by Stats SA to all Provincial Tourism Authorities (through the NDT) for their direct inputs. UNWTO Methodological Guidelines (Prescribed)

The South African Tourism conducted the Domestic Tourism Survey in Data on domestic tourism was collected through the 2003 General Household Survey. This survey did not allow the collection of detailed information with regards the domestic tourism. The Domestic Tourism Survey was introduced in In 2010, it was agreed that the two surveys should be aligned and integrated so that one survey be conducted by Stats SA. A Task Team, comprising of National Department of Tourism, Stats SA and SAT was established to guide the alignment and integration of the collection of domestic tourism statistics. Domestic Tourism Survey - Background

Sample Nearly Dwelling Units (DUs) Divided into four quarters Within a quarter: sampled DUs are further separated by months for data collection purposes. Data collection Recall period: Three months Interviews collected on a continuous basis Survey period for DTS 2013: February 2013 to March 2014 Methodology: Statistics South Africa

CharacteristicsSATStats SACommentsCurrent status Sample (About monthly) Approximately households The sample sizes of the two surveys are different Continuous Data Collection method (CDC) Full sample and divided into four quarters Scope Persons 18 years and above Respondent that have undertaken trip/s All persons in the household (All ages) Respondent can answer for members of the household Both are household surveys, do not cover the same age groups therefore cannot compare the two. No change Measure Analysis is based on all trips Analysis is based on most recent person trips All trips undertaken are measured, while analysis is based on the most recent trips on other variables Comparison: Stats SA and South African Tourism

CharacteristicSATStats SACommentsCurrent status Recall period Continuous collection and each respondent reports on travel of preceding month. Continuous data collection method with a three month recall period. No change Content Day trips Overnight trips Day trips Overnight trips DTS 2012 content on overnight trips harmonised with SAT DTS and requirements of National Department Of Tourism In new module on international travel was included in the Stats SA’s Domestic Tourism Survey Reporting SAT to continue producing until 2017 Stats SA will be the only institution that produces the DTS from Comparison: Stats SA and South African Tourism

Regional TSA/TEA TSA Concept: Forms of tourism at the national level TSA Concept: Forms of tourism at the provincial level TSA Concept: Usual environment

Monthly Tourism Reports Daily routine data collected by the Department of Home Affairs’ (DHA) immigration officers at all the air, land and seaports of entry/exit

People like to travel Approximately 9,5 million ​ international tourists visited South Africa in ,4 million domestic day trips and 50,8 million domestic overnight trips took place between January to December 2013

Tourism direct contribution to the GDP: 2011 to ,8% 2,9% R m 2,9% R m R83 991m Tourism contributed 2,9% of the GDP in 2013 Total tourism direct contribution to the GDP, 2013: R million

Tourism direct contribution to employment : 2011 to ,4% ,5% ,4% Tourism employs approximately 1 in 25 of workers in South Africa (4,4% of the total workforce)

Industry comparison: contributions to value added and employment: 2013

RSA tourism R m Domestic R m Inbound R94 183m Outbound R62 596m Trade balance R31 587m Tourism expenditure: 2013

Index - January 2010 = 100 Income from accommodation and international arrivals Soccer World Cup 2010

Number of tourists by month and year: 2010, 2012, 2013 and 2014 The South Africa I know, the home I understand Highest: December and January Lowest: June, May, February Exception: June 2010

Contribution of establishment type to total income from accommodation 2014 Hotels 63% Other 30% Caravan parks & camping sites 1% Guest houses 6%

New data preparation methodologies New data weighting Challenges: releasing DTS on time

Challenges regarding the production of tourists statistics Two main issues regarding coverage of data received from SITA and DHA: non availability of records from certain ports or on some dates of the month; or availability of few records for some ports and dates. The coverage issues tend to delay processing and publication due to the fact that Stats SA has to liaise with DHA to sort out the data coverage issues before processing and publishing data. The change in the acquisition of data from the collection of data from SITA to obtaining data from DHA head office in 2013 caused a long period of delay. This shift brought with it other changes namely: different format of datasets and variables that led to changes in the processing of data. Changes in DHA’s own methods of data collection over the years tend to have impact on the travellers data. A recent example in case is the collection of data on transit passengers. This affected both the processing of data and the presentation of the results starting from January 2014 data.

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