Effects of Wildfires on Landscape Evolution in Southern California Julia Rogers GE154 6 May 2015.

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Presentation transcript:

Effects of Wildfires on Landscape Evolution in Southern California Julia Rogers GE154 6 May 2015

Why study wildfires? From Westerling et al. 2006

Bedrock of Southern California From Jennings et al. 1977

Vegetation Communities Chaparral Systems Rely on fires as part of their natural cycles 90% of annual rainfall between November and April Dry Ravel Debris flows are common after fires Sonoran Desert Large portion of the landscape Frequently burned Low-intensity fires Little effect on landscape evolution From site/Landscape%20&%20vegetation/2005_ _South_America_ JPG From 38.jpg

Mass Wasting Debris flows range from small to large Wildfires increase likelihood of a slope to fail 2009 Station Fire From Cannon et al., 2009

Fluvial Transport Indirect effect from mass wasting Erosion of larger materials Change in depth and course From

Soils and Water Repellency Water repellency is created by: 1.Heat of the fire 2.Quantity of organic matter in the ecosystem Causes less water to be absorbed and more runoff From DeBano 1981

Chemistry of the Substrates Increase in pH due to the ash High levels of certain metals including lead, zinc, chromium, and copper From

Citations DeBano, L. F.: Water repellent soils: a state-of-the-art (Vol. 46). US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. Cannon, S. H., Boldt, E. M., Laber, J. L., Kean, J. W., and D.M. Staley: Rainfall intensity–duration thresholds for postfire debris-flow emergency-response planning. Natural Hazards, 59(1), p Jennings, C.W., Strand, R.G., and Rogers, T.H: Geologic map of California. California Division of Mines and Geology. Westerling, A. L., Hidalgo, H. G., Cayan, D. R., and T.W. Swetnam: Warming and earlier spring increase western US forest wildfire activity. Science, 313(5789), p

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