Neraca Energi Energy Balance Oleh: Agustin Faradila, SST

Subdit Statistik Pertambangan dan Energi  Statistik Pertambangan Migas  Statistik Pertambangan Non Migas  Statistik Pertambangan Bahan Galian  Statistik Listrik  Statistik Gas  Statistik Air Bersih  Captive Power  Neraca Energi Data Primer Data Sekunder

International Recommendations for Energy Statistics to strengthen energy statistics as part of official statistics by providing recommendations on concepts and definitions, classifications, data sources, data compilation methods, institutional arrangements, approaches to data quality assessment, metadata and dissemination policies a reference document in support of the maintenance and development of national energy statistics programmes Scope of energy statistics in IRES: Basic Energy statistics Energy Balance

Capacity of a physical system to do work Not all energy is an object of statistical observation What is Energy?

ENERGY PRODUCT  Primary energy product is the capture or extraction of fuels or energy from natural energy flows, the biosphere and natural reserves of fossil fuels  Secondary energy product is the manufacture of energy products through the process of transformation of primary fuels or energy.  Ex: Crude Oil  Diesel oil, avtur, etc

Standard International Energy Product Classification  to ensure cross-country and temporal comparability of the energy statistics SIEC  To assist countries in the delineation of energy products  (p.32-34) Section Division Group Class

Measurement Unit & Convertion Factor  Original Units: The measurement units that are specific to an energy product and are employed at the point of measurement of the energy flow  Ex: Coal by its mass (metric ton), Oil by its volume (barrel)  Common Units: Joule  Original to common unit  convertion  Calorific values of a fuel (ex: GJ/ton) express the heat obtained from one unit of the fuel  Default calorific value (p.61-63)

Main Energy Flows

MAIN ENERGY FLOW  Production: Primary vs Secondary  Import & Export  International Marine/ Aviation Bunker  Stock changes  Transfers  Transformation  Losses  Energy Industries Own Use  Non-Energy Uses  Final Consumption

ENERGY BALANCE An accounting framework for compilation and reconciliation of data on all energy products entering, exiting and used within that territory An energy balance is a matrix showing the relationship between energy products (represented in columns) and flows (represented in rows) Neraca energi adalah gambaran keseimbangan antara pasokan berbagai sumber energi dan penggunaan energi dalam periode tertentu (UU Nomor 30/2007 tentang Energi)

Purpose of Energy Balance  Enhance the relevance of energy statistics by providing comprehensive and reconciled data on the energy situation on a national territory basis;  Provide comprehensive information on the energy supply and demand on the national territory in order to understand the energy security situation, the effective functioning of energy markets and other relevant policy goals, as well as to formulate energy policies;  Serve as a quality tool to ensure completeness, consistency and comparability of basic statistics;  Ensure comparability between different countries;

Purpose of Energy Balance (cont..)  Provide data for estimation of CO2 emissions with respect to national territory;  Provide the basis for indicators of the energy’s role in the country’s economy;  Calculate efficiencies of transformation processes occurring in the country (e.g.,refining, electricity production by combustion of fuels, etc.);  Calculate the relative shares of the supply/consumption of various products (including renewables versus non- renewables) of the country’s total supply/consumption;  Provide an input for modeling and forecasting.

Structure of energy balance  Top block – flows representing energy entering and leaving the national territory, as well as stock changes to provide information on supply of energy on the national territory during the reference period;  Middle block – flows showing how energy is transformed, transferred, used by energy industries for own use and lost in distrib ution and transmission;  Bottom block – flows reflecting final energy consumption and non-energy use of energy products.

Top block - Energy supply Total energy supply = + Primary energy production + Import of primary and secondary energy - Export of primary and secondary energy - International (aviation and marine) bunkers - Stock changes Statistical difference (between top and middle block) difference between the total supply & total use

The middle block  Transfers  Transformation (a) energy entering transformation processes (e.g., fuels into electricity generation and heat generation, crude oil into oil refineries for the production of petroleum products, or coal into coke ovens gas for the production of coke and coke oven gas) are shown with a negative sign to represent the input; (b) energy which is an output of transformation activities is shown as a positive number)  Energy industry own use  Losses

The bottom block - Final consumption  Non –energy use Ex: fuels for chemical feedstock used as raw materials  Energy use: i.Manufacturing, construction and non-fuel mining industries, ii.Transport ; (Domestic aviation, Road, Rail ) iii.Other (Households, Commerce and public services, Agriculture)

Neraca Energi Indonesia Data yang digunakan dalam penyusunan Neraca Energi merupakan data sekunder. Data sekunder berasal dari BPS dan instansi/departemen yang berkaitan dengan kegiatan produksi sumber energi seperti : Kementerian ESDM, Dirjen Migas, Dirjen Batubara, PLN, dll Lag 1 tahun