Energy in Ecosystems

Food Chains Food Chain What do food chains show? What do the arrows represent? A series of events in which one organism eats another and obtains energy. Food chains show the transfer of energy in an ecosystem The arrows represent the transfer of energy.

All Food Chains and Webs start with the sun All Food Chains and Webs start with the sun. The sun is the source of all the energy on the earth.

Almost all Food Chains start with the sun What do food chains start with? What type of organism is after the sun? Describe photosynthesis. Almost all Food Chains start with the sun After the sun is an organism that can do photosynthesis. Like plants and phytoplankton. Sunlight + Carbon Dioxide + Water = Energy This process is called Photosynthesis

Sample food chains: Sun →milkweed → aphid →ladybug →bird → mushroom Sun → grass → zebra → lion → vulture Sun → seeds → grasshopper→ mouse → hawk THE ARROWS SHOW THE DIRECTION THAT THE ENERGY MOVES

Producers An organism that can make its own food . They use carbon dioxide, water and sunlight to make energy, through a process called photosynthesis. Producers are the source of all food in an ecosystem. Without producers there is no food chain. Flowers Tree Phytoplankton Sun Producer

Plants need light for photosynthesis We call plants producers because they produce energy from the sun directly.

At the end of the food chain Two major groups of decomposers are: Organisms that break down wastes and dead organisms and return the raw materials to the environment. At the end of the food chain Two major groups of decomposers are: Bacteria Fungi Decomposer clips: 1, 2

Consumers An organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms. Ex: Deer, Humans, Snakes, Bat, Cat, Hippopotamus, Cricket, Rabbit

Herbivores Herb is latin for plant Herbivores are consumers that eat only producers. (plant eaters) Ex: Butterflies, deer, elephants, giraffes, mice. Sun Producer Primary Consumer

Omnivores Omni is latin for all or everything. Consumers that eat BOTH consumers and producers. (both meat eaters and plant eaters) Ex. Humans, Bearded Dragons, Turtles, Bears.

Carnivores Consumers that eat ONLY other consumers. Carn is Latin for flesh or meat. Consumers that eat ONLY other consumers. ( Meat -Eaters) Ex: T-rex, Tigers, Lions, Ladybugs, Spiders.

Insectivores (type of carnivore) Animal that eats insects Ex: bats, shrews, aardvarks, anteaters, and others Example clips: aardvark, shrew, anteater Insectivores (type of carnivore)

A pig eats fruit, eggs, corn, and earthworms. Omnivore

A frog eats insects, earthworms, and spiders. Carnivore Insectavore

eats grass, leaves, twigs, and shrub Herbivore :

A raccoon eats almost anything including berries, acorns, baby mice, baby birds & eggs, frogs, fish, and even some snakes. Omnivore

Spiders eat insects. Carnivore (Insectivore)

A giraffe lives in Africa and eats leaves from trees A giraffe lives in Africa and eats leaves from trees. A giraffe may eat 75 pounds of food each day. Herbivore

A wolf eats deer, dogs, fish, mice, moose, birds, and other herbivores. Carnivore

Rabbits eat grasses, weeds, leaves, shoots, twigs, and bark. Herbivore

Lions eat other animals such as gazelles, antelopes, and zebras. Carnivore

Sheep eat grass and hay. Herbivore

Eagles eat fish, mammals, birds, and snakes. They love fish! Carnivore

eats grass and hay Herbivore

eats corn, twigs, shoots, acorns, fruit, berries, green plants Herbivore

A grizzly bear usually eat things such as grasses, roots, berries, insects, fish, and small and large mammals. Omnivore

Omnivore

eat 150 pounds of plants each day Herbivore

Scavenger Scavengers are animals that eat dead animals Their role in the ecosystem is to contribute to the decomposition of dead animal remains. Scavengers open up animal bodies so they can eat them. Example Clip: Vultures

Food Chain What’s Wrong ???

Bacteria Decomposer Plant Producer Butterfly Primary Consumer Herbivore Bird Secondary Consumer Omnivore Bacteria Decomposer

Sun Decomposer Cactus 1st Consumer Herbivore Sun Bird 2rd Consumer Carnivore Bird Primary Consumer Herbivore Snake 3rd Consumer Carnivore Snake Secondary Consumer Carnivore Cactus Producer

Sun Leaves Producer Frog Secondary Consumer Carnivore Mushroom Decomposer Mushroom Producer Caterpillar Primary Consumer Herbivore Platypus Tertiary Consumer Carnivore

, , , , Sun Dung Beetle Decomposer Lion Consumer Carnivore Grass Producer Dung Beetle Primary Consumer Herbivore Zebra Consumer Herbivore Secondary Primary Tertiary Secondary

________________________    Mushroom Producer Sun Mustard Seed Producer Bee Herbivore Mustard Plant Producer Mushroom Decomposer Primary Consumer

   / / / Apple Tree Producer Apple Producer Worm Herbivore Crow    / / / Apple Tree Producer Apple Producer Worm Herbivore Crow Carnivore Secondary Consumer Primary Consumer

Secondary Consumer Carnivore         Sun Zooplankton Primary Consumer Herbivore Fish Tertiary Consumer Omnivore Phytoplankton Producer Phytoplankton Secondary Consumer Carnivore Fish Secondary Consumer Omnivore Pelican Tertiary Consumer Carnivore Pelican 4th Consumer Carnivore

    Rabbit Primary Consumer Herbivore Sun Fox Primary Consumer     Rabbit Primary Consumer Herbivore Sun Fox Primary Consumer Carnivore Rabbit Secondary Consumer Herbivore Fox Secondary Consumer Carnivore Soil Producer Plant Producer

     Sun Bacteria Producer Fish Primary Consumer Herbivore      Sun Bacteria Producer Fish Primary Consumer Herbivore Great White Shark Tertiary Consumer Carnivore Phytoplankton Producer Sea lion Secondary Consumer Carnivore Phytoplankton Decomposer Bacteria Decomposer

    Sun Algae Shrimp Primary Consumer Herbivore Arctic Cod     Sun Algae Shrimp Primary Consumer Herbivore Arctic Cod Secondary Consumer Carnivore Seal Tertiary Consumer Carnivore Shrimp Primary Consumer Carnivore Producer

    Earthworm Primary Consumer Herbivore Earthworm Decomposer Sun     Earthworm Primary Consumer Herbivore Earthworm Decomposer Sun Jaguar Secondary Consumer Carnivore Tree Omnivore Tree Producer Sloth Primary Consumer Herbivore

     Sea Grass Producer Clownfish Sea Turtle Sun Primary Consumer      Sea Grass Producer Clownfish Primary Consumer Herbivore Sea Turtle Secondary Consumer Omnivore Sun