CALIFORNIA AND THE OCEAN THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA MARINE COUNCIL AND THE CALIFORNIA COASTAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY INITIATIVE Gary B. Griggs Chair University of California Marine Council

THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA MARINE COUNCIL Mission Statement The University of California Marine Council was established to promote and coordinate marine policy, research, education, and public service throughout the University, and to position the University as the leading resource for the state of California in the exercise of responsible stewardship of its extensive and valuable marine resources.

University of California Marine Council Marine Directory ( Listing and description of each campus’s marine programs and facilities: - UCSD-Scripps Institution of Oceanography - UC Riverside - UC Irvine - UCLA-Marine Sciences Center - UCSB-Marine Sciences Institute - UCSC-Institute of Marine Sciences - UC Berkeley - UC Davis-Bodega Marine Laboratory

CALIFORNIA AND THE OCEAN Importance of the coastal ocean to California’s weather and climate, Importance of the coastal ocean to California’s weather and climate, energy resources, food resources, trade and commerce, and recreation. Coastal counties make up 24% of state’s area but are home to 80% of the population Coastal counties make up 24% of state’s area but are home to 80% of the population The coast is visited by ~32 million out-of-state visitors annually The coast is visited by ~32 million out-of-state visitors annually In 2000, six ocean dependent industries (including tourism and recreation, fishing, and ports) contributed $42.9 billion to the state’s economy and provided 408,000 jobs. In 2000, six ocean dependent industries (including tourism and recreation, fishing, and ports) contributed $42.9 billion to the state’s economy and provided 408,000 jobs. As nation, 95% of our foreign trade passes through ports including As nation, 95% of our foreign trade passes through ports including 58% of our oil, about 13 million barrels/day Between 1970 and 2005 California’s population grew 80% from 20 to 36 million

University of California Marine Council Marine Directory Listing of all marine scientists (~475) by subject area: - Biological Oceanography - Chemical/Geochemical/Biogeochemical Oceanography - Coastal processes/Coastal and Ocean Engineering - Environmental Toxicology - Estuaries/Bays/Coastal Watersheds - Fish/Fisheries/Aquaculture/Marine Resources - Marine Biotechnology/Molecular Marine Biology/Marine Microbiology - Marine Geology/Geophysics/Tectonics - Marine Law/Policy/Planning - Marine Mammals/Vertebrate Biology - Nearshore Biology/Ecology - Paleoceanography/Paleoclimatology and Global Change - Physical Oceanography/Meteorology/Climatology - Physiology

36,000,000 People and 1100 miles of coastline: Less than two inches per person, but 32 million visitors, and only 28% of the coast is accessible beaches..~one-quarter inch of beach/person

All of these people have had impacts, however. The coastal ocean has been heavily affected by human activities OVERFISHING Can Marine Protected Areas make a difference?

WASTE WATER DISCHARGE AND WATER QUALITY

COASTAL WATER QUALITY

HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS- An increasing concern for public health

OFFSHORE DRILLING AND PLATFORM REMOVAL

The coastline is the place where human development encounters wave attack, cliff retreat, rising sea level, ENSO events, and hurricanes.

THE CALIFORNIA COASTAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY INITIATIVE Focusing the marine science resources of the University of California on the coastal issues affecting the state of California

CALIFORNIA COASTAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY INITIATIVE $1,200,000 Annual Budget Large multi-campus proposals Graduate fellowships Awarded through an annual competitive pre-proposal and proposal process. 50% of funds support graduate students

RESEARCH PRIORITIES COASTAL WATER AND SEDIMENT QUALITY FISHERIES AND MARINE ECOSYSTEMS COASTAL HAZARDS AND SHORELINE PROCESSES

“The Role of Wetlands in Mitigating the Effects of Urban and Rural Runoff”

“Assessment of Recent Spatial Trends in Cause- Specific Mortality in Southern Sea Otters”

“Toxic Phytoplankton Along the California Coast: a 500-mile Perspective” Domoic acid (Pseudo-nitzschia) Effects: vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, disorientation, short term memory loss, respiratory difficulty, death

“Coastal Bluff Erosion: Causes, Mechanisms, and Implications for Coastal Protection and Restoration”

“Evaluation and Prediction of Beach Changes Due to Natural Processes and Human Impacts Along the Southern California Coast”

“Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Fecal Pollution at Huntington Beach” “Occurrence of Aremonas hydrophila in Southern California’s Coastal Waters and Virulence Factors Associated With Infections”

“Network for Environmental Observations of the Coastal Ocean”

“Long-Term Studies on Marine Mammal Populations, with Emphasis on Nearshore Habitats, in the Highly Impacted Waters of the Santa Monica Bay”

California Ocean and Coastal Information and Research Needs Workshop November 18-19, 2004 Jointly planned and sponsored by: University of California Marine Council California Sea Grant Program California Resources Agency California Ocean Science Trust

California Ocean and Coastal Information and Research Needs Workshop November 18-19, 2004 GENERAL AREAS OF INFORMATION & RESEARCH NEEDS 1.Fisheries and Aquaculture 2.Ecosystems and Habitats 3.Coastal Sediments and Shoreline Processes 4.Water and Sediment Quality 5.Invasive Species

FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE 1.Implement ecosystem-based fisheries management 2.Gather more information on single species 3.Develop networks of marine protected areas 4.Develop sustainable aquaculture practices 5.Improve communication, collaboration and conflict resolution among user groups

ECOSYSTEMS AND HABITATS 1.Improve understanding of ecosystem structure and function 2.Identify, protect, and restore critical habitats 3.Improve understanding of human behavior and decision-making 4.Study the impacts of sound on marine life

COASTAL HAZARDS AND SHORELINE PROCESSES 1.Study sediment changes and impacts 2.Improve coastal hazard identification and forecasting 3.Conduct legal and public policy analyses 4.Develop coastal hazard response strategies 5.Study the threat of tsunamis

WATER AND SEDIMENT QUALITY 1.Determine the impacts of non-point source and storm water pollution 2.Develop baseline health indicators 3.Identify sources of pollutants 4.Conduct risk assessment for emerging contaminants 5.Develop strategies to improve sediment management 6.Improve non-point source and storm water pollution control technologies, remediation, and mitigation

INVASIVE SPECIES 1.Expand prevention strategies for invasive species 2.Develop a state-wide invasive species detection protocol 3.Develop a more science-based eradication approach 4.Support research and development to control the spread of invasive species

CROSS-CUTTING NEEDS 1.Develop and integrated ocean observation system 2.Improve, sustain, and expand monitoring programs 3.Complete seafloor mapping of high priority areas in state waters 4.Gather and utilize socio-economic data

MARINE RESEARCH AND POLICY- WHY DON’T THEY CONNECT? Lack of professionals trained in marine science and policy Decisions more often based on politics instead of science Congressional seniority and earmarking