Non-traditional fossil fuels Carbon sequestration.

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Presentation transcript:

Non-traditional fossil fuels Carbon sequestration

Tar sands 175 billion barrels proven recoverable reserves. (US used about 6.3 billion barrels in 2008) Significant environmental impacts? Tar sands and ‘heavy oil. Petroleum that has lost lower molecular weight compounds.

Environmental concerns include: water use local ecosystem impacts carbon dioxide emissions

500 billion barrels of recoverable reserves in the western U.S. (US used about 6.3 billion barrels of crude oil in 2008) /images/science/shelloilshaleprocess2.jpg

Oil shale: water use in an arid climate waste rock from retorting ecosystem disruption – surface mining carbon dioxide emissions

Coal bed methane US has ~ 20 TCF of proven reserves US used ~23 TCF in

CBM water extraction in near-surface aquifer systems treatment fluids from horizontal drilling and hydrofracturing

Methane clathrate hypography.com/.../16398-methane.html potential for significant, uncontrolled methane emission

Underground (in situ) coal gasification Injection of oxygen and water. Ignition, production of ‘syngas’. runaway underground fires technical feasibility

/cgs_inter/index.php?option=com_c... Geological Carbon Sequestration

Subsea Carbon Sequestration Carbon dioxide is removed from the surface oceans naturally by photosynthesis; some amount of the fixed carbon is preserved as sediment – perhaps to become part of the intermediate carbon cycle. Can this amount be increased by ocean surface fertilization using iron, etc? Can carbon dioxide liquid be released into the deep ocean by direct injection?