IFLA UAP From Print to Digital Judy Mansfield Chair, IFLA Standing Committee on Acquisition and Collection Development

Introduction IFLA core value of universal availability is embodied in digital content projects.

Sponsors Kuopio 1, 2, and 3 Kuopio 1 (1999) by International Office for Universal Availability of Publications (UAP) Kuopio 2 (2004) and 3 (2009) by Acquisition and Collection Development Section

Historical Interest in Repository Issues “Ideal of achieving the widest possible availability of published material” National bibliographies and online cataloguing data (Universal Bibliographic Control) inform the world of the existence of collections Availability of content for all users is consequently required

Historical Interest in Repository Issues 2 International Office for Universal Availability of Publications (opened in 1979 & closed in 2003) –to assure that content was available, especially documents withdrawn from library collections –to identify strategies for the retention of last copies for preservation

International Office for Universal Availability of Publications (UAP) Embraced range of technical services functions as applied to repository strategies –Acquisitions –Cataloguing –Interlibrary lending –Preservation

Acquisition and Collection Development (ACD) Section Acquisition –Purchase –Exchange –Gift –Legal deposit Licensing De-selection

ACD Strategic Plan “ Sponsor conferences worldwide on relevant topics … the conference on repository libraries in Kuopio…. ”

ACD Conference Programmes 2010, Goteborg: Opening doors to spectacular collections: access to multi-sensory, multi-media, and mobile materials (proposed) 2009, Milan: An e-book kaleidoscope: multiple perspectives on libraries’ experiences with e-books 2008, Québec: In and out (of copyright): contrasting perspectives on digitization of library collections

Kuopio 3-Universal Repository Library and Guarantees for the Sustainability of the Digital Copy The activities for print and digital repositories are similar.

Print/Digital Repository Activities Acquire Ingest Prepare Retain for the long-term/archive Preserve Provide access –Description –Discovery

Repository Models for Selected Library of Congress Digital Projects Silo: eDeposit for eJournals Networked: LOCKSS IEX Open Access: Digitizing American Imprints Program

Founded in 1800, US’s oldest federal cultural institution, serves the public, scholars, Members of Congress and their staff ( The Library of Congress

Silo Model Project: eDeposit for eJournals Repository: LC server

eDeposit for eJournals: Repository Activities Acquire and ingest electronic works published in US that are in scope for the collections through mandatory (legal) deposit Preserve, secure, and provide access to the works … while safeguarding intellectual property rights

eDeposit for eJournals: Parameters Initially limited to online-only journals identified by LC collection development specialists Demand issued on a title basis – only then will title be deposited Characteristics of deposit specified (to include metadata & formatting codes)

eDeposit for eJournals: Status Prototype for ingest completed In development – functionality for preserve, secure, and provide access Notice of proposed rule-making issued July 15, 2009, in Federal Register Comments on Notice due October 16

Networked Model Project: LOCKSS (Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) IEX (International Electronic Exchange) Pilot Project Servers: Partner Institutions

LOCKSS Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe an open-source preservation software system developed and marketed by Stanford University, US

Purposes of LOCKSS IEX To test cost effectiveness and feasibility of using LOCKSS to crawl and harvest e-journals and documents from German Government publishers To test a platform for preservation

LOCKSS IEX: Repository Activities Digital content cached (ingested, prepared, preserved) on servers at each site Global technical coordination could serve as a model for the Universal Repository Library

LOCKSS IEX Pilot: Charter Partners Bavarian State Library German Federal Statistics Office German National Library Humboldt University, Berlin Library of Congress Stanford University Library State Library of Berlin University of Regensburg Library

LOCKSS IEX Pilot Project: Workflow Crawls web sites of partner institutions Harvests e-journal content for monitoring and preservation by the partner institutions Links partner institutions in a private network with digital content cached at each site

LOCKSS IEX Pilot Project: Status To date: technical success with LOCKSS to harvest, ingest, and cache publications Future: next two years to focus on alternative harvesting techniques, free v. licensed content, and publisher permissions

LOCKSS IEX: Future Application If successful, in consultation with partners, LC will consider using as a tool for the U.S. International Exchange Service, as LC seeks to transform its exchanges from print to digital.

Open Access Model Project: Digitizing American Imprints Program (DAIP) -- funded with $2M Sloan Foundation grant Repository: Internet Archive (digitization partner/digital content and access host)

Purposes of DAIP Digitize public domain US imprint monographs, including brittle books Digitize in color Develop –Open-source page-turner –Capability to scan and display fold-outs Capture structural metadata

DAIP: Repository Activities Ingest Prepare Assure long-term retention of the physical “last” copy Provide free and open access to the digital surrogate via Internet Archive

DAIP: Workflow LC provides content –US national and local history –Genealogy Internet Archive (IA) digitizes LC moves physical items to remote storage facility/repository

DAIP: Workflow 2 IA serves digital copies LC archives digital copies LC provides access from its OPAC to IA’s digital copy

Handle inserted into the MARC 856 field resolves to IA’s Homepage for the item.

DAIP: Status 54,000 volumes digitized Open-source page turner completed Capability to scan/display fold-outs completed Capture of structural metadata in production

Commonalities Seek to make content freely available, if not openly Consideration of full- range of repository activities during planning

Conclusion We, as an international community, have not achieved an ideal repository model in the print world. The same remains true is in the digital realm. We are fortunate to have the UAP principles to guide us.

Contact Information Judy Mansfield, Chief, U.S./Anglo Division, Library of Congress

References IFLA Archive – Historical Material: Universal Availability of Publications Core Activity ( LC Press Release, January 31, 2007, $2 Million Sloan Foundation Grant to Help Digitize Thousands of Books ( LOCKSS (

References 2 National repository plans and programmes : a comparative study of existing plans and possible models : capital planning information. Julkaistu Wetherby : IFLA. International Office for UAP, 1982 Solving collection problems through repository strategies : proceedings of an International Conference held in Kuopio, Finland, 9-11 May 1999 / edited by Pauline Connolly. Julkaistu Wetherby : IFLA Offices for UAP and International Lending, c1999