Alex Sushkov Phys208 Oct 27 2004 Photorefractive effects and their applications.

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Presentation transcript:

Alex Sushkov Phys208 Oct Photorefractive effects and their applications

The effect Spatial variation of light intensity inside a photorefractive crystal Excitation of e - into the conduction band e - diffusion or drift Space-charge E-field  n due to Pockels effect Photorefraction

The discovery

The materials LiNbO 3, LiTaO 3, BaTiO 3, KNbO 3, KH 2 PO 4, GaAs, …, organic and polymeric materials

Photorefraction – the easy way

Two-wave mixing

Four-wave mixing

Photorefraction+Cavity Photorefractive crystal as an amplifying medium Phase conjugation

Laser locking and phase conjugation

Holograms

Holographic data storage holograms in a single LiNbO 3 crystal have been demonstrated. Diffraction limit on storage capacity: n 3 V/ 3  10 Tb/cm 3.

Holographic data storage: I/O rates Access time: 100  s Readout rate: 1-10 Gbits/s Writing time: 10 seconds/hologram, 10Mbit/s

Holographic data manipulation

Holographic image recognition

Why do we still have CDs and laptops? High/low carrier mobility tradeoff: writing speed vs storage time (semiconductors/ferroelectrics). Beam fanning. Self-diffraction and other dynamic effects during hologram recording and reading. New materials being developed: photopolymers and photosensitive glasses.

References M. P. Petrov, S. I. Stepanov, and A. V. Homenko, Photorefractive Crystals in Coherent Optics, Nauka, St. Petersburg, H. M. Smith, Principles of Holography, Wiley, New York, G. S. He, S. H. Liu, Physics of Nonlinear Optics, World Scientific, Singapore, 1999.