Lisa Wald USGS Pasadena U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey USGS Earthquake Hazards Program Earthquakes 101 (EQ101)

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Presentation transcript:

Lisa Wald USGS Pasadena U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey USGS Earthquake Hazards Program Earthquakes 101 (EQ101)

Global Distribution of Earthquakes

Lisa Wald USGS Pasadena U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey USGS Earthquake Hazards Program Plate Tectonics

Plate Boundaries

Three Types of Faults Strike-Slip Reverse Normal

Strike-slip Fault Example

1906 San Francisco Earthquake

The San Andreas Fault

Will California eventually fall into the ocean???

Pacific-North American Plate Boundary

Normal Fault Example Dixie Valley-Fairview Peaks, Nevada earthquake December 16, 1954

Reverse Fault Example

What Controls the Level of Shaking? Magnitude –More energy released Distance –Shaking decays with distance Local soils –amplify the shaking

Is there such a thing as “Earthquake Weather”???

Earthquake Effects - Ground Shaking Northridge, CA 1994

Earthquake Effects - Ground Shaking Northridge, CA 1994

Earthquake Effects - Ground Shaking KGO-TV News ABC-7 Loma Prieta, CA 1989

Earthquake Effects - Ground Shaking Kobe, Japan 1995

Earthquake Effects - Ground Shaking Kobe, Japan 1995

Earthquake Effects - Surface Faulting Landers, CA 1992

Earthquake Effects - Liquefaction Source: National Geophysical Data Center Niigata, Japan 1964

Earthquake Effects - Landslides Turnnagin Heights,Alaska,1964 Source: National Geophysical Data Center

Earthquake Effects - Fires KGO-TV News ABC-7 Loma Prieta, CA 1989

Earthquake Effects - Tsunamis Photograph Credit: Henry Helbush. Source: National Geophysical Data Center 1957 Aleutian Tsunami

Earthquake Magnitude M5 M6 M7

Earthquake Location

U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey USGS Earthquake Hazards Program Where to go for more information: