DARPA CoABS Grid (GITI, ISX) Coalition Agents eXperiment - CoAX DARPA CoABS, AFRL, BBN, Boeing, DSTL, DREV, DSTO, Dartmouth, Edinburgh/AIAI, LM-ATL, OBJS, QinetiQ, Michigan, USC/ISI, UWF/IHMC With support from GITI, ISX, MIT, MITRE, Schafer and Stanford Univ. Show that an Agent-based C2 framework can support agile and robust Coalition operations Show Domain Management services can structure agent relationships and enforce coalition policies Show Intelligent Task and Process Management can improve agent collaboration Show that the CoABS Grid can be used to rapidly integrate a wide variety of agents and systems Agent Frameworks Agent Frameworks KAoS Agents (Boeing, IHMC) NOMADS Mobile Agents (IHMC) EMAA/CAST Agents (LM ATL) GMAS (Dartmouth, IHMC, LM-ATL) D’Agents (Dartmouth) eGents (OBJS) Agent Grid Services Task and Process and Event Management (AIAI) Domain Management Services (Boeing, IHMC) Asynchronous Wireless Connectivity (OBJS) Plan Deconfliction (Michigan) Military Systems CAMPS (AFRL,GITI, BBN) MBP (QinetiQ) Situation Viewer (QinetiQ) … Agents on the Grid AODB Agent (LM ATL) Observer Agents (Dartmouth) eGents Agents (OBJS) Malicious Agents (IHMC, Boeing) Web Weather Agent (USC/ISI) … DARPA Expected Results Objectives Accomplishments and Impact Concept  Demonstrated proof-of-concept C2 coalition architecture within a realistic coalition scenario  Connected disparate stand-alone military systems while taking coalition concerns into account  Agent organization, behavior, security and resources managed by explicit coalition policy control  Potential influence on Joint Battle Infosphere, Joint Battlespace Digitisation, CINC 21, and Coalition Theatre Logistics perspectives  Interest from additional nations in participating Oct 2000 July 2001 July 2002 Information gathering for MBP 25 agents in 5 distinct domains Binni coalition storyboard Planning and execution phases 45 agents in 7 overlapping domains Initial packaging of grid services Realistic Binni Storyboard Dynamic event-driven workflow Dynamic coalition formation Dynamic coalition scenario High-level re-usable tools

CoAX – Coalition Agents eXperiment AFRL Rome, AIAI, BBN, Boeing, Dartmouth, DREV, DSTO, Lockheed Martin ATL, Michigan, OBJS, QinetiQ, USC/ISI, UWF/IHMC Support from GITI, ISX, MITRE, MIT Sloan, Schafer, Stanford DARPA CoAX

CoAX/Briefing - 3 CoAX Context u Increasing military requirements for coalition operations u Belief that agent computational model can support: u Coalition interoperability requirements u Dynamic and Decentralized C3I u International Agent Research Programmes u US DARPA Control of Agent Based Systems (CoABS) u UK DSTL/QinetiQ Agents Project u Australian and Canadian Agents and Coalition Work u TTCP C3I Groups for international involvement u Need for “middleware” such as is provided by CoABS Grid Infrastructure

CoAX/Briefing - 4 CoAX Aim of Coalition TIE u To address unique aspects of coalition operations through the development and evaluation of: u agent domain management services u agent task, process and event management services u Specific agent services u Aim will be met through delivery of: u Phased technical demonstrations of increasing complexity u Integration of diverse agent systems u Development of generic Coalition-oriented grid services u Requirements: u Use of a wide variety of different agent systems u Use of existing military (non-agent) applications

CoAX/Briefing - 5 CoAX Key Coalition Drivers u Different cultures, doctrines, and languages: u Different doctrine, decision making, rules of engagement and, in general, mission “agendas” u Command authorities - agreement and transfers u Different interpretation of situational information u Incompatibility of respective national information systems: u Different technology skill and equipment levels u Lack of information systems resource sharing agreements u Variable reliability of components and infrastructures u Lack of compatible security architectures u Need for rapid configuration and reconfiguration by personnel with limited training u Limited models for coalition force operations Derived from LeRoy Pearce (Canadian MOD), 1999

CoAX/Briefing - 6 CoAX Key Technical Drivers u Cannot assume interoperability, reliability or availability of different nations systems u Need for partial (secure) sharing and visualization of processes, data and facilities u Need to work with agents in multiple dynamically determined domains u Need for flexible inter-agent task, process & event management u Need for rapid formation, management and change of agent relationships

CoAX/Briefing - 7 CoAX Demonstration Schedule u u 1-month demo at kick-off in February 2000 showing direct connection between DERA MBP and LM ATL AODB u u 6-month integration milestone in July 2000 showing initial integration of selected CoAX components for year 2000 demo u u CoAX Binni 2000 demo in Fall 2000: u u Briefing the CoAX TIE and Binni scenario u u Showing full integration of selected CoAX components in Binni u u Telling a relevant “story” about agents for information gathering u u CoAX Binni 2001 demo in Fall 2001: u u Fully integrating all CoAX components in a rich coalition scenario u u Expanding scope to cover dynamic re-planning u u CoAX Binni 2002 demo in Fall 2002: u u Showing dynamic aspects of coalition organization, domain management, tasking and event handling u u Expanding scope to cover dynamic planning, coordination and execution.

CoAX/Briefing - 8 CoAX CoAX Components DARPA CoABS Grid (GITI, ISX) Agent Frameworks KAoS Agents (IHMC, Boeing) NOMADS Mobile Agents (IHMC) EMAA/CAST Agents (LM-ATL) GMAS (Dartmouth, IHMC, LM-ATL) D’Agents (Dartmouth) eGents (OBJS) Agent Grid Services Task, Process and Event Management (AIAI) Domain Management Services (IHMC, Boeing) Asynchronous Wireless Connectivity (OBJS) Plan Deconfliction (Michigan) Military Systems CAMPS (AFRL,GITI, BBN) MBP (QinetiQ) Situation Viewer (QinetiQ) … Agents on the Grid AODB Agent (LM-ATL) Observer Agents (Dartmouth) eGents Agents (OBJS) Malicious Agents (IHMC) Web Weather Agent (USC/ISI) …

CoAX/Briefing - 9 CoAX Technical Contributions u GITI - CoABS Grid Infrastructure u Boeing and UWF/IHMC- KAoS Domain Management u AIAI - Process Panels – Task, Process and Event Management u QinetiQ - Master Battle Planner, Interface Agents, Situation Viewer and Demonstration Systems Integration u LM ATL - EMAA/CAST AODB - Restricted Data Base Access u AFRL/BBN/GITI - CAMPS Air Logistics Support Tool u USC/ISI Ariadne - Open Information Access u UWF/IHMC - NOMADS Mobile Agents u Dartmouth - Observer Agents u Michigan – Plan Deconfliction Agent u OBJS – eGents ( connected Field Agents) and MBNLI (natural language interface wrappers) u BBN – TBD for 2002 Demo u DSTO – TBD for 2002 Demo u DREV –TBD for 2002 Demo

CoAX/Briefing - 10 CoAX CoAX Demo Emphasis Initial Planning Political aims Military guidance Campaign planning Commander's intent Deployment Recovery Conflict resolution Re-deployment Peace support Execution Variable Organizations An opponent Campaign re-planning Short-notice taskings Operation execution Execution monitoring Reporting / feedback Outcome assessment Linear Focus of the CoAX Binni 2000 Demo Dynamic / iterative uncertain Focus of the CoAX Binni 2001 Demo CoAX Binni 2002 Demo Covers all the above, plus greater levels of dynamic response and adaptation to changes in Coalition structures, capabilities and services.

CoAX/Briefing - 11 CoAX New Parts in 2001 Demo Generic servicesGeneric services IHMC/Boeing - Domain management - KAoS Grid Helper for easy integration of any grid agent, use of resource and conversation management to up pace, integration with grid security services, hierarchical domains, DAML-based KAoS Policy RepresentationIHMC/Boeing - Domain management - KAoS Grid Helper for easy integration of any grid agent, use of resource and conversation management to up pace, integration with grid security services, hierarchical domains, DAML-based KAoS Policy Representation AIAI/QinetiQ - Task/process/event management - multiple panels, issue passing, reporting, more generic approach, XML process models, initial process librarian, “catch-all” for any issue and report (in simple way), can use partial knowledgeAIAI/QinetiQ - Task/process/event management - multiple panels, issue passing, reporting, more generic approach, XML process models, initial process librarian, “catch-all” for any issue and report (in simple way), can use partial knowledge New Agent Communications MechanismsNew Agent Communications Mechanisms OBJS - eGents and wireless/untethered agentsOBJS - eGents and wireless/untethered agents Dartmouth/IHMC/LM-ATL - GMAS mobile agentsDartmouth/IHMC/LM-ATL - GMAS mobile agents New functional partsNew functional parts Michigan - Plan Deconfliction AgentMichigan - Plan Deconfliction Agent Dartmouth - Observer AgentsDartmouth - Observer Agents OBJS – MBNLI natural language data base queriesOBJS – MBNLI natural language data base queries QinetiQ – Interface Agents and Semantic Interoperability (XSLT)QinetiQ – Interface Agents and Semantic Interoperability (XSLT) All - Shared models and messages in XML formatAll - Shared models and messages in XML format

CoAX/Briefing - 12 CoAX CoAX Binni 2002 (Fall 2002) Demo Plan u u Dynamic “come as you are” coalition formation u u Dynamic creation of ‘virtual coalition organization’ u u Agents and domains added to coalition structure ‘on-the-fly’ u u Dynamic coalition tasks and processes u u Tailored visualizations / interface agents u u Tools to improve human / software agent interaction u u High-level tools usable without specialized training u u Packaged generic Grid services: u u Domain management and DAML-based policy analysis u u Task, process, and event management u u Involvement of more countries and organizations u u USA – BBN – Mixed initiative agents & dynamic information flow u u Australia – DSTO – Logistics planning and information analysis u u Canada – DREV - discussions begun

CoAX/Briefing - 13 CoAX Summary u Coalition operations is a matter of high concern for the military and a great proving ground for agent research u Binni provides mature rich source of realistic scenario data u Actual military tools used in true cross-national collaboration—hope to expand to additional nations in the future u Nineteen partners cooperating in phased technical integration demonstrators u CoABS Grid provides necessary interoperability u Significant new research issues being addressed of both theoretical and practical significance

CoAX/Briefing - 14 CoAX Spare Slides u Explanation of TTCP Structure

CoAX/Briefing - 15 CoAX CoAX Demonstration to TTCP The Technical Coordination Program (TTCP) u Australia, Canada, New Zealand, UK, USA u Composed of Heads of Defense Research & Defense Organizations (e.g.: DUSD S&T from USA) u Collaboration in Defense Scientific & Technical Information and Shared Research Activities u Demonstrated September 2000 to Panel 9 and Action Group 2 u October 2001 Meeting, Panel 9/Action Group 2 Reviews Progress Command, Control, Communications & Information Systems Grow Panel 6:Space & UAV Communications Panel 8:Networking & Communications Panel 9: Command & Control (C2) Systems Applications Panel 10:Distribute Information Systems Technology Panel 11:Information Assurance & Defensive Information Warfare Action Group 2: Information Fusion Action Group 3: Information Visibility TTCP Principals US is DUSD S&T - Delores Etter Secretariat C2 Group Executive Chair: Ray Urtz of AFRL National Representatives Technical Panel 9 Chair: Ian Fuss DSTO National Leaders Team Members Action Group 2 Chair: Dale Lambert DSTO National Leaders Team Members Level I Level II Level III Washington Deputies