1 WORKPLACE RULES Criteria By Which Decisions in the Workplace are Made

2 Examples of Workplace Rules How much to be paid? How much of an increase? What will be the criteria for increases? When will increase be given? Any fringe benefits associated with the job? What will be the criteria for promotion? What will be the criteria for layoffs, if necessary? Who will be trained? Who will be disciplined? How will discipline occur? What hours will be worked? Who will work what shift? For how long? Who is assigned what work?. Pay for part-time workers. Procedure for moving from part-time to full-time.

3 How are the Rules Made? Individual Bargaining Employer Unilateral Determination Collective Bargaining –With a union\labor organization as representative of employees –usually done pursuant to legal procedures

4 Forms of Rules Unarticulated - ad hoc (created as needed) oral statements of intent written statements of intent oral policies written polices oral contracts written contracts –individual bargaining –collective bargaining

5 Procedures for Modifying Rules Modified at Will of Employer –Unarticulated - ad hoc (created as needed) –oral statements of intent –written statements of intent –oral policies –written policies –oral contracts? Modified only with Agreement of Both Parties or at an agree-upon date –written contracts –collective agreements

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7 PCT. UNIONIZATION BY INDUSTRY SECTOR, UNITED STATES, 2008 SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

8 SOURCES: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Statistics Canada

9 SOURCES: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development; Chi, Wang, & Xie, 2009

10 SOURCE: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

11 SOURCE: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

12 Weekly Earnings, Non-Union and Union, All Workers, 25 Years and Older, United States SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

13 Weekly Earnings, Non-Union and Union, Women Workers, 25 Years and Older, United States

14 Weekly Earnings, Non-Union and Union, African-American Workers, 25 Years and Older, United States

15 Summary Table, Weekly Earnings, Workers 25 Years and Older, United States

16 Work Stoppages Table 1. Work stoppages involving 1,000 or more workers, Table 1. Work stoppages involving 1,000 or more workers,