Recycling the Intergalactic Medium

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Presentation transcript:

Recycling the Intergalactic Medium Do Intergalactic HI Clouds Exist ? A recycled IGM talk from the IAU Symposium on Recycling the Intergalactic Medium z = 8 z = 0

The Short Answer: NEUTRAL NO ! Do INTERGALACTIC HI CLOUDS exist ? Hydrogen Do INTERGALACTIC HI CLOUDS exist ? The Short Answer: NO ! z = 8 z = 0

The Short Story: NEUTRAL why should they exist ? Hydrogen INTERGALACTIC HI CLOUDS The Short Story: HI definition … why should they exist ? why should they NOT exist?

HI Map of M81 Group Yun, Ho & Lo 1994 M82 M81 NGC 3077

??? INTERGALACTIC ?????? HI Map of M81 Group Yun, Ho & Lo 1994 ??? INTERGALACTIC ?????? Pristine, Primordial gas !!?? NO STARS !!!???

HI Map of M81 Group Pristine, Primordial gas ?? Yun, Ho & Lo 1994 Pristine, Primordial gas ?? Fuel ongoing Star Formation Solve metal abundance problems…. Trace “dark” Dark Matter Halos

more HI in M96 than the Ring (Schneider etal 1989)

HI contours

F Stars & HI gas Cartoon for Z = 0 Sea of ionized baryons ?? Just HI ?? Stars & HI gas i.e.

Radio spectroscopy

Giovanelli- Haynes “Virgo Cloud” Chengalur et al 1995 .

Limits on I.G. HI Clouds: Fisher & Tully “not cosmologically significant”

Limits on I.G. HI Clouds: < Fisher & Tully “not cosmologically significant” 1990 Briggs NIGClouds 1 NGalaxies 100 <

Limits on I.G. HI Clouds: < Fisher & Tully “not cosmologically significant” 1990 Briggs NIGClouds 1 NGalaxies 100 < 2000 Zwaan (PhD Thesis) HI Mass Function

Arecibo: HI content according to galaxy mass (Zwaan et al 1997) Limits on I.G.Clouds

Limits on I.G. HI Clouds: Fisher & Tully “not cosmologically significant” 1990 Briggs NIGClouds < 1 . NGalaxies 100 2000 Zwaan (PhD Thesis) HI Mass Function 2003 Koribalski/Zwaan ET AL… HIPASS

HIPASS … Parkes Telescope Consortium: ATNF, Melbourne, Cardiff, RSAA +

Limits on I.G. HI Clouds: 1000’s of galaxies… no I.G. Clouds Fisher & Tully “not cosmologically significant” 1990 Briggs NIGClouds < 1 . NGalaxies 100 2000 Zwaan (PhD Thesis) HI Mass Function 2003 Koribalski/Zwaan ET AL… HIPASS 1000’s of galaxies… no I.G. Clouds

MHI Msolar = 10 – 20 Loptical Lsolar ??? I.G. HI Clouds HIPASS result… Warren, Jerjen, ET AL …. a few extremely HI rich galaxies MHI Loptical Lsolar Msolar = 10 – 20 ??? I.G. HI Clouds with stellar contamination ??? B.Warren: “They’re galaxies !”

… that’s the observational evidence.

.…. ionized…… CMB Big Bang Nucleosynthesis+WMAP

damped Lyman-a abs-lines 21cm Line Studies (HIPASS)

W Tot 1/3300 W M -0.5

Recombination competes with Re-ionization

Time scales for Recombination in IGM… t = n /R = n /(n n a ) e p recomb recomb e = 1 /( n a ) p recomb = T /( n 2 x 10 ) sec p 1/2 -11 but, n ~ n proportional ~ (1+z) 3 p baryon Remember to comment on ASSUMPTION of average density…. Clearly there are over and under densities… t proportional T /(1+z) recomb 3 1/2

Tcmb Tkinetic Temperature vs Redshift Onset of sources of ionizing radiation Tcmb Tkinetic

Temperature vs Redshift first ionizing sources H

Temperature vs Redshift QSOs /AGN He first ionizing sources H

Tkinetic Recombination Time (mean density) 1010yr 109yr Age of low density 109yr Age of Universe Galaxy Disk Gas Trec ~ 105yr 107yr

F Hydrogen must be confined ! Stars & HI gas Z = 0 Sea of ionized baryons F ?? Just HI ?? Stars & HI gas i.e.

Barkana & Loeb: Dark Matter Halo Mass Function Z = 30 20 10 5 0

Integral Mass Content per logarithmic interval

Mass Functions

Mass Functions DM baryons Clusters

Mass Functions

Mass Functions

Mass Functions Missing bound baryons

F Fate of baryons in small halos…? Z = 0 Sea of ionized baryons i.e. If massive, get

F Fate of baryons in small halos… Z = 0 Sea of ionized baryons Early small halo formation… gas expelled by supernovae Late small halo formation… IGM too hot to be captured by a low mass halo Mhalo ~108Mo => Tvir ~ 104.3 K

Large mass halos Star Formation Galaxies Conclusions: Large mass halos Star Formation Galaxies Early Low mass halos Star Formation ISM Lost Late Low mass halos never capture gas, (No Star Formation) No Intergalactic Neutral Hydrogen Clouds at Z=0 … need to recover low metalicity IONIZED IGM & Halo clouds…

NGC 1512: Color coded velocity field

NGC 3344: HI Gas distribution

NGC 3344: HI velocity field

CIV MgII/ Lyman limit DLA (HI) (CII, FeII, SiII, …) Relative interception cross sections for QSO Absorption Lines … CIV DLA (HI) MgII/ Lyman limit (CII, FeII, SiII, …)