Semantic Web 06 th March, 2002 Robert Kaminski, Thomas Panas

Comments from James Good Morning! Welcome on this beautiful morning to the presentation of Robert Kaminski and Thomas Panas about advanced XML. Please feel free to ask any questions anytime. If possible, hand them to the presenters in written form during the audio-virtual presentation in Dolby surround, so all relevant questions can be evaluated in real-time. :) All rights reserved. James

Table of contents  A Syntax for Data  Namespaces  Schema  XSLT  SMIL

A Syntax for Data

Is this Structured Data ? Microsoft

Is this Structured Data ? Microsoft Semi-structured Data “schemaless” or “self-describing”

Structured Data Microsoft

Is this Structured Data ? HTML Microsoft

A Syntax for Data  Structured Data  Describe the structure (type, schema) of the data  Create an instance of the schema  Semi-structured Data  Describe the data using a simple syntax  Microsoft  Non-structured Data  Microsoft XML+Schema Lisp

Semi-Structured Data in Lisp  Association lists (label-value pairs)  {name: “Alan”, tel: ,  Value as structure  {name: {first: “Alan”, last: “White”}, tel: ,  Graph representation name tel “Alan” 7786

Specifying a Syntax  Semi-Structures Data can be expressed as: ::= ::= atomicvalue | ::= {label :, …, label : }

Relational Databases  Is this semi-structured or structured data? Student: Semi-structured Data The schema is included into the “data-file”

Relational Databases Student:Course: row fnlntel TP1RK2

Object Databases: Tree o2o3o1 person name age country “Mary” 4517“John”“Jane”“Canada” relatives

Object Databases: Tree o2o3o1 person name age country “Mary” 4517“John”“Jane”“Canada” relatives mother sister child mother

Object Databases  Semi-Structures Data can also be presented Lisp-like { person: &o1{name: “Mary”, age: 45, child &o2, child &03}, person: &o2{name: “John”, age: 17, relatives: {mother: &o1, sister &o3}}, person: &o3{name: “Jane”, country: “Canada”, mother &o1} }

Object Databases: Graph o0 o2o3o1 o4o5o6 {Mary}{John}{Jane}

Object Databases  Semi-Structures Data becomes Structured class State (extent states) { attribute string scode; attribute string sname; attribute City capital; relationship set cities-in inverse City::state-of; }  Structured Data for one Application Area ! (Object Databases)  Solution: XML

Namespaces

Problem description Namespaces avoids name conflicts same tag for different things same tag for different format Example: Document 1: Robert Kaminski Document 2: Kaminski Robert

Solution First try Robert Kaminski Second try Robert Final solution Robert

Namespace example George Soros Counting

Default namespace George Soros Counting

Attribute name Attributes can have namespace Example: <myLink xmlns:xlink=”...” xlink:type=”simple”......

XML Schema

What is a Schema ?  A schema defines the content of a number of XML-documents  It defines  which elements and attributes can be included  the element content  the order of elements  Schema substitutes DTD  Think of classes (schema) and instances (dokument)

XML Schema  Schema is saved with postfix.xsd  A document is validated against a schema  A schema is a XML-document

XML Schema  XML Example : Movie.xmlMovie.xml  XML Schema Example :  Category.xsd Category.xsd  MovieType.xsd MovieType.xsd  MovieList.xsd MovieList.xsd

Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL)

XSL XSL consist of formatting objects XSL Transformations (XSLT) Formatting object: specifies presentation XSLT: Transformations to arbitrary format The idea of XSLT: traverse the tree and apply a specific template at each node

XSLT Use Cases XML to XML (X)HTML Text

The XSLT language Transformation in XML dialect Example: A rule based language Output handled by the enviroment

Terminology Template rules consists of: pattern template Pattern specifies nodes a template applies to tag name attributes context Template defines the transformations

XML Example chicken soup Introduction I’ve always.. book title section title para

Template rule for book

Template rule for section

Formatting objects Formatting represents common document elements Example block external-graphic table simple-link They are specified in XML Attributes specify their appearance

Template rule with objects

SMIL

 SMIL  Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language  SMIL is an XML extension  used for multimedia presentations which integrate streaming audio and video with images, text, etc.  enables to specify what should be presented when

SMIL  Introduction  About XML  XML Schema  XML Namespaces  XSLT  Future

SMIL

SMIL Click me!

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